🇬🇧 The Viking Longhouses

Viking longhouses were elongated rectangular structures where entire families lived, worked and slept. These houses, often built on hills and facing downwards, could house up to 50 people, including their slaves (a slave is called a "Træl" in Danish) and animals.

The building materials included wood, stone and peat, and the walls could be made of adobe or wooden planks, with thatched roofs. A longhouse was an average of 30 meters long and 8 meters wide in the center.

In the Viking Age, houses were built with oak wood. The longhouse had curved walls that made the roof look like an upturned boat. The walls were made of clay or wooden planks. The roof was supported by large posts dug into the ground. The walls and roof were also supported by poles from the outside.

If one entered one of these Viking houses, he was greeted with the smell of burning wood and roasted pork. In the center of these houses there was a long fireplace that the family used for cooking.

Along the wall of the house there were planks that were used as beds and also as benches to sit on during the day. In general, people who lived here stayed in the western part of the house, while animals and slaves did so in the eastern part.

The interior walls were joined by a wooden armor, an architectural new method in the Viking Age. The use of trusses allowed to have a wider open space, without having to place too many posts in the middle of the room to support the roof. The lattice also gave the walls their curved shape, since part of the weight of the roof rested on some of the posts that supported it.

Longhouses were not easy to build, they were time-consuming and labor-intensive. It took a long time to gather all the wood and do the necessary carpentry work before it could be used to build the house. In addition, the wood had to be of high quality to last for many years.

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🇬🇧 The Lingotto, the Giant Ring-shaped Rooftop Test Track with Parabolic Curves that Fiat Built in 1927

The Lingotto was the flagship of FIAT factories. Named after the Lingotto de Moncalieri family, who lent their name to a humble farmhouse that has become an industrial icon, the site is technically located in Nizza Mille Fonti, Turin. It rose from the ashes of the Counts Robilant's villa, which had its own colorful history (partisan bastion, People's House) before Giovanni Agnelli turned it into a temple of automobile production.

Opened in 1923, Lingotto was at the forefront until 1940, when production was moved to the largest and brightest plant in Mirafiori. In 1927 Fiat built a rooftop test track, shaped like a giant ring with parabolic curves so that cars could reach impressive speeds of up to 90 km/h, in an era when most cars could barely reach 70. Even Le Corbusier couldn't resist its appeal, calling it "one of the most impressive shows the industry has ever offered."

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🇬🇧 The Lighthouse of Alexandria: A Wonder Resurfacing

More than two millennia after its glory, the Lighthouse of Alexandria, one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, is resurfacing thanks to a bold archaeological mission. Twenty-two massive blocks, weighing up to 80 tons, have been extracted from the Mediterranean, revealing architectural elements such as a gate pylon blending Egyptian style and Hellenistic techniques, offering new insight into the Greco-Egyptian architectural fusion during the Ptolemaic era.

Led by Isabelle Hairy from CNRS, the operation is part of the PHAROS project, combining underwater archaeology and digital technology. Supported by the Dassault Systèmes Foundation, the initiative aims to create a digital twin of the lighthouse, virtually reconstructing its 100-meter height. These blocks, digitized through photogrammetry, will allow exploration of hypotheses about its construction and collapse, which occurred after earthquakes in the 13th and 14th centuries. This project, the result of 30 years of research, brings to life the "first skyscraper of Humanity."

The Seven Wonders of the Ancient World:

- Pyramids of Giza
- Hanging Gardens of Babylon
- Statue of Zeus at Olympia
- Temple of Artemis at Ephesus
- Mausoleum at Halicarnassus
- Colossus of Rhodes
- Lighthouse of Alexandria

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Tsunami-Warnungen in Stein gemeißelt

Tsunami-Steine ​​sind uralte Warnungen, die auf Steintafeln geschrieben sind, von denen einige über 600 Jahre alt sind und entlang der Nordostküste Japans liegen.

Nachdem Aneyoshi im Jahr 1933 von einem Tsunami heimgesucht worden war, bewegten sich die Bewohner einen Hügel hinauf, den sie platziert hatten und auf dem stand: „Bauen Sie Ihre Häuser nicht unterhalb dieses Punktes!“, und als der verheerende Tsunami von 2011 eintraf, überlebte das gesamte Dorf.

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