par(bg="gold")
attach(mtcars)
plot(wt, mpg, main="Scatterplot Example",
   xlab="Car Weight ", ylab="Miles Per Gallon ", pch=20) 

mtcars

xlab=" " ,ylab=" "

pch=" "

# Define the cars vector with 5 values

cars <- c(1, 3, 6, 4, 9)

# Graph the cars vector with all defaults

plot(cars)

# Define 2 vectors

cars <- c(1, 3, 6, 4, 9)

trucks <- c(2, 5, 4, 5, 12)

# Graph cars using a y axis that ranges from 0 to 12

plot(cars, type="o", col="blue", ylim=c(0,12))

# Graph trucks with red dashed line and square points

lines(trucks, type="o", pch=22, lty=2, col="red")

# Create a title with a red, bold/italic font

title(main="Autos", col.main="red", font.main=4)

# Define 2 vectors

cars <- c(1, 3, 6, 4, 9)

trucks <- c(2, 5, 4, 5, 12)

# Calculate range from 0 to max value of cars and trucks

g_range <- range(0, cars, trucks)

# Graph autos using y axis that ranges from 0 to max 

# value in cars or trucks vector.  Turn off axes and 

# annotations (axis labels) so we can specify them ourself

plot(cars, type="o", col="blue", ylim=g_range, 

   axes=FALSE, ann=FALSE)

# Make x axis using Mon-Fri labels

axis(1, at=1:5, lab=c("Mon","Tue","Wed","Thu","Fri"))

# Make y axis with horizontal labels that display ticks at 

# every 4 marks. 4*0:g_range[2] is equivalent to c(0,4,8,12).

axis(2, las=1, at=4*0:g_range[2])

# Create box around plot

box()

# Graph trucks with red dashed line and square points

lines(trucks, type="o", pch=22, lty=2, col="red")

# Create a title with a red, bold/italic font

title(main="Autos", col.main="red", font.main=4)

# Label the x and y axes with dark green text

title(xlab="Days", col.lab=rgb(0,0.5,0))

title(ylab="Total", col.lab=rgb(0,0.5,0))

# Create a legend at (1, g_range[2]) that is slightly smaller 

# (cex) and uses the same line colors and points used by 

# the actual plots 

legend(1, g_range[2], c("cars","trucks"), cex=0.8, 

   col=c("blue","red"), pch=21:22, lty=1:2)

x2 <- c(4.1,1.1,-2.3,-0.2,-1.2,2.3)

y2 <- c(2.3,4.2,1.2,2.1,-2,4.3)

plot(x,y,cex=.8,pch=1,xlab="x",ylab="y",col="black")

points(x2,y2,cex=.8,pch=3,col="blue")

legend(x=-2,y=12,c("sample","control"),cex=.8, 

        col=c("black","blue"),pch=c(1,3))

>x <- c(3,2,6,8,4)
>barplot(x)

>barplot(x,border="tan2",names.arg=c("Jan","Feb","Mar","Apr","May"),
+ xlab="Month",ylab="Revenue",density=c(0,5,20,50,100))

>A <- matrix(c(3,5,7,1,9,4,6,5,2,12,2,1,7,6,8),nrow=3,ncol=5,byrow=TRUE)
>barplot(A,main="total revenue",names.arg=c("Jan","Feb","Mar","Apr","May"),
+ xlab="month",ylab="revenue",col=c("tan2","blue","darkslategray3"))
>legend(x=0.2,y=24,c("soft","hardware","service"),cex=.8, 
+ col=c("tan2","blue","darkslategray3"),pch=c(22,0,0))

>barplot(A,main="total revenue",beside=TRUE,
+ names.arg=c("Jan","Feb","Mar","Apr","May"),
+ xlab="month",ylab="revenue",col=c("tan2","blue","darkslategray3"))
>legend(x=1,y=11,c("soft","hardware","service"),cex=.8, 
+ col=c("tan2","blue","darkslategray3"),pch=c(22,0,0))

 draw.circle(...)

draw.circle(x,y,radius,nv=100,border=NULL,col=NA,lty=1,lwd=1)

x,y

radius

nv

border

col

lty

lwd

plotrix

>install.packages("plotrix")

install.packages("plotrix")
plot(BOD)
require(plotrix)
draw.circle(4,14,2,border="blue",col="tan2")

hist(x, breaks = "Sturges", freq = NULL,  ...)

x

breaks

>x <- read.csv("histogram.csv",header=T,sep="\t")

>x <- t(x)

>ex <- as.numeric(x[2,1:ncol(x)])

>hist(ex)

install.packages("lattice")
library(lattice)
attach(mtcars)

#create factors with value labels
gear.f<-factor(gear,levels=c(3,4,5),
   labels=c("3gears","4gears","5gears"))
cyl.f <-factor(cyl,levels=c(4,6,8),
   labels=c("4cyl","6cyl","8cyl"))

# kernel density plot
densityplot(~mpg,
   main="Density Plot",
   xlab="Miles per Gallon")

# 3d scatterplot by factor level
cloud(mpg~wt*qsec|cyl.f,
   main="3D Scatterplot by Cylinders")

dotplot(cyl.f~mpg|gear.f,
   main="Dotplot Plot by Number of Gears and Cylinders",
   xlab="Miles Per Gallon")

# scatterplot matrix

``splom(mtcars[c(1,3,4,5,6)],

   main="MTCARS Data")

demo(plotmath)
par(mar = c(4, 4, 2, 0.1))
plot(rnorm(100), rnorm(100),
  xlab = expression(hat(mu)[0]), ylab = expression(alpha^beta),
  main = expression(paste("Plot of ", alpha^beta, " versus ", hat(mu)[0])))

par(mar = c(4, 4, 2, 0.1))
x_mean <- 1.5
x_sd <- 1.2
hist(rnorm(100, x_mean, x_sd),
  main = substitute(
    paste(X[i], " ~ N(", mu, "=", m, ", ", sigma^2, "=", s2, ")"),
    list(m = x_mean, s2 = x_sd^2)
  )
)

variance.ratio<-function(x,y) {

v1<-var(x)

v2<-var(y)

if (var(x) > var(y)) {

vr<-var(x)/var(y)

df1<-length(x)-1

df2<-length(y)-1}

else { vr<-var(y)/var(x)

df1<-length(y)-1

df2<-length(x)-1}

2*(1-pf(vr,df1,df2)) }

a<-rnorm(10,15,2)

b<-rnorm(10,15,4)

variance.ratio(a,b)

[1] 0.01593334