Best Resources to Learn Django Project Structure

Hi,
I’m a bootcamp grad with some self-taught background. I’ve only used Flask so far and now I’m diving into Django. I’ve read blog posts (especially from James Bennett), which helped, but I still feel like I need more direct and practical advice, especially around separation of concerns and structuring a Django project the right way.

Since I’ll be putting this project in my portfolio, I want to avoid bad decisions and show that I understand scalable, maintainable architecture. I know there’s no single “right way,” but I’m looking for solid patterns that reflect professional practice.

What resources (projects, repos, guides, blog posts, etc.) would you recommend to really grasp proper Django structure and best practices?

Thank you in advance.

/r/django
https://redd.it/1mhlucn

Tuesday Daily Thread: Advanced questions

# Weekly Wednesday Thread: Advanced Questions 🐍

Dive deep into Python with our Advanced Questions thread! This space is reserved for questions about more advanced Python topics, frameworks, and best practices.

## How it Works:

1. **Ask Away**: Post your advanced Python questions here.
2. **Expert Insights**: Get answers from experienced developers.
3. **Resource Pool**: Share or discover tutorials, articles, and tips.

## Guidelines:

* This thread is for **advanced questions only**. Beginner questions are welcome in our [Daily Beginner Thread](#daily-beginner-thread-link) every Thursday.
* Questions that are not advanced may be removed and redirected to the appropriate thread.

## Recommended Resources:

* If you don't receive a response, consider exploring r/LearnPython or join the [Python Discord Server](https://discord.gg/python) for quicker assistance.

## Example Questions:

1. **How can you implement a custom memory allocator in Python?**
2. **What are the best practices for optimizing Cython code for heavy numerical computations?**
3. **How do you set up a multi-threaded architecture using Python's Global Interpreter Lock (GIL)?**
4. **Can you explain the intricacies of metaclasses and how they influence object-oriented design in Python?**
5. **How would you go about implementing a distributed task queue using Celery and RabbitMQ?**
6. **What are some advanced use-cases for Python's decorators?**
7. **How can you achieve real-time data streaming in Python with WebSockets?**
8. **What are the

/r/Python
https://redd.it/1mhu1bt

User defined forms (maybe)

Hi All,

New to django and I'm trying to learn by solving a problem I have.

Context

I'm trying to build and app where one role can define a (partial) json structure e,g

{

"Weight" : int,

"Statement" : str

}

there might be another:

{

"Height" : int,

"Cheese eaten": float

}

And another role can say I want to creat an instance of this JSON file - and it will fire up a form so that you might end up with stored in a column as JSON.

{

"Weight":10.

"Statement" : "Kittens love No-Ocelot-1179"

}

Question

Is there a name for this patterern or approach? I'm trying to find guidance online but I'm just find a lot of stuff about defining column types. So either this is mad, I'm missing some terminology, and options C/D both or neither are true.

My working theory at the moment is that there is a default key column and a type column. The type column I think has to contain the text rep of the type and I need to parse that when I use it. Unless I missed there ia a type... type?

So thats my question: Does anyone have any pointers or reading materials for this situation?


Many thanks,

No-Ocelot-1179

/r/django
https://redd.it/1mhn7jj

Built Coffy: an embedded database engine for Python (Graph + NoSQL)

I got tired of the overhead:

Setting up full Neo4j instances for tiny graph experiments
Jumping between libraries for SQL, NoSQL, and graph data
Wrestling with heavy frameworks just to run a simple script

So, I built Coffy. (https://github.com/nsarathy/coffy)

Coffy is an embedded database engine for Python that supports NoSQL, SQL, and Graph data models. One Python library, that comes with:

NoSQL (coffy.nosql) - Store and query JSON documents locally with a chainable API. Filter, aggregate, and join data without setting up MongoDB or any server.
Graph (coffy.graph) - Build and traverse graphs. Query nodes and relationships, and match patterns. No servers, no setup.
SQL (coffy.sql) - Thin SQLite wrapper. Available if you need it.

What Coffy won't do: Run a billion-user app or handle distributed workloads.

What Coffy will do:

Make local prototyping feel effortless again.
Eliminate setup friction - no servers, no drivers, no environment juggling.

Coffy is open source, lean, and developer-first.

Curious?

Install Coffy: https://pypi.org/project/coffy/

Or let's make it even better!

https://github.com/nsarathy/coffy


### What My Project Does
Coffy is an embedded Python database engine combining SQL, NoSQL, and Graph in one library for quick local prototyping.

### Target Audience
Developers who want fast, serverless data experiments without production-scale complexity.

### Comparison
Unlike

/r/Python
https://redd.it/1mi0jjw

I built a cloud development platform with Django

/r/django
https://redd.it/1mi2fj0

D Seeking advice on choosing PhD topic/area

Hello everyone,

I'm currently enrolled in a master's program in statistics, and I want to pursue a PhD focusing on the theoretical foundations of machine learning/deep neural networks.

I'm considering statistical learning theory (primary option) or optimization as my PhD research area, but I'm unsure whether statistical learning theory/optimization is the most appropriate area for my doctoral research given my goal.

Further context: I hope to do theoretical/foundational work on neural networks as a researcher at an AI research lab in the future. 

Question:

1)What area(s) of research would you recommend for someone interested in doing fundamental research in machine learning/DNNs?

2)What are the popular/promising techniques and mathematical frameworks used by researchers working on the theoretical foundations of deep learning?

Thanks a lot for your help.

/r/MachineLearning
https://redd.it/1mi0wz8

Started Working on a FOSS Alternative to Tableau and Power BI 45 Days Ago

It might take another 5-10 years to find the right fit to meet the community's needs. It's not a thing today. But we should be able to launch the first alpha version later this year. The initial idea was too broad and ambitious. But do you have any wild imaginations as to what advanced features would be worth including?

What My Project Does

On the initial stage of the development, I'm trying to mimic the basic functionality of Tableau and Power BI. As well as a subset from Microsoft Excel. On the next stage, we can expect it'll support node editor to manage data pipeline like Alteryx Designer.

Target Audience

It's for production, yes. The original idea was to enable my co-worker at office to load more than 1 million rows of text file (CSV or similar) on a laptop and manually process it using some formulas (think of a spreadsheet app). But the real goal is to provide a new professional alternative for BI, especially on GNU/Linux ecosystem, since I'm a Linux desktop user, a Pandas user as well.

Comparison

I've conducted research on these apps:

- Microsoft Excel
- Google Sheets
- Power BI
- Tableau
- Alteryx Designer
- SmoothCSV

But I have no intention whatsoever to compete with all

/r/Python
https://redd.it/1mi4l6o

Permissions and avoiding them

Hi fellas,

I’ve cooked up an „glorified” filter for my excel job as an .exe in tkinter, my boss saw it and thought it would be great for everyone, but now the issue I have is with the excel, as long as it’s local than it’s fine, but for either onedrive or sharepoint I have an issue accessing the data via python due to restrictions/permisions and I’m thinking how to solve this, if the url and onedrive are locked, maybe I should use some other type of database couse I know excel isn’t really the best solution here, anyone got any ideas :)?

/r/Python
https://redd.it/1mi5i7q

DImproving Hybrid KNN + Keyword Matching Retrieval in OpenSearch (Hit-or-Miss Results)

Hey folks,

I’m working on a Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) pipeline using OpenSearch for document retrieval and an LLM-based reranker. The retriever uses a hybrid approach:
• KNN vector search (dense embeddings)
• Multi-match keyword search (BM25) on title, heading, and text fields

Both are combined in a bool query with should clauses so that results can come from either method, and then I rerank them with an LLM.

The problem:
Even when I pull hundreds of candidates, the performance is hit or miss — sometimes the right passage comes out on top, other times it’s buried deep or missed entirely. This makes final answers inconsistent.

What I’ve tried so far:
• Increased KNN k and BM25 candidate counts
• Adjusted weights between keyword and vector matches
• Prompt tweaks for the reranker to focus only on relevance
• Query reformulation for keyword search

I’d love advice on:
• Tuning OpenSearch for better recall with hybrid KNN + BM25 retrieval
• Balancing lexical vs. vector scoring in a should query
• Ensuring the reranker consistently sees the correct passages in its candidate set
• Improving reranker performance without full fine-tuning

Has anyone else run into this hit-or-miss issue with hybrid retrieval + reranking? How did you make it more consistent?

Thanks!


/r/MachineLearning
https://redd.it/1mi27ab

Most performant tabular data-storage system that allows retrieval from the disk using random access

So far, in most of my projects, I have been saving tabular data in CSV files as the performance of retrieving data from the disk hasn't been a concern. I'm currently working on a project which involves thousands of tables, and each table contains around a million rows. The application requires frequently accessing specific rows from specific tables. Often times, there may only be a need to access not more than ten rows from a specific table, but given that I have my tables saved as CSV files, I have to read an entire table just to read a handful of rows from it. This is very inefficient.

When starting out, I would use the most popular Python library to work with CSV files: Pandas. Upon learning about Polars, I have switched to it, and haven't had to use Pandas ever since. Polars enables around ten-times faster data retrieval from the disk to a DataFrame than Pandas. This is great, but still inefficient, because it still needs to read the entire file. Parquet enables even faster data retrieval, but is still inefficient, because it still requires reading the entire file to retrieve a specific set of rows. SQLite provides the

/r/Python
https://redd.it/1mhaury

Axiom, a new kind of "truth engine" as a tool to fight my own schizophrenia. Now open-sourcing it.

Hey everyone,

I've built a project in Python that is deeply personal to me, and I've reached the point where I believe it could be valuable to others. I'm excited, and a little nervous, to share it with you all. In keeping with the rules, here's the breakdown:

What My Project Does
Axiom is a decentralized, autonomous P2P network that I'm building to be a "truth engine." It's not a search engine that gives you links; it's a knowledge engine that gives you verified, objective facts.

It works through a network of nodes that:

Autonomously discover important topics from data streams.
Investigate these topics across a curated list of high-trust web sources.
Analyze the text with AI (specifically, an analytical NLP model, not a generative LLM) to surgically extract factual statements while discarding opinions, speculation, and biased language.
Verify facts through corroboration. A fact is only considered "trusted" after the network finds multiple independent sources making the same claim.
Store this knowledge in a decentralized, immutable ledger, creating a permanent and community-owned record of truth.
The end goal is a desktop client where anyone can anonymously ask a question and get a clean, direct, and verifiable answer, completely detached from the noise and chaos of the regular internet.

Target Audience
Initially, I

/r/Python
https://redd.it/1miaw6m

Hello! I created a lightweight Django logging app.

Hello! I would like to introduce the django-logbox app. In the early stages of development or when operating a lightweight app, whenever an error occurred, I had to immediately connect to the container or VPS via SSH to check the logs.

I created django-logbox to resolve this inconvenience, and have been using it in production. I just finished writing the documentation, and I am excited to share this project!

* When solutions like Sentry feel excessive
* When you want to identify errors from the admin page in a small-scale app
* When you want to check Python traceback errors during development
* When you want to see which devices users are accessing the site from via the admin page
* When you want to monitor daily traffic from the admin page

Give my app a try! :)

Github: [https://github.com/TGoddessana/django-logbox](https://github.com/TGoddessana/django-logbox)
Documentation: [https://tgoddessana.github.io/django-logbox/](https://tgoddessana.github.io/django-logbox/)

By the way, it's licensed under MIT, and I was greatly inspired by the \`DRF\_API\_LOGGER\` project.
this is example screenshot!

https://preview.redd.it/s8um6l34z7hf1.png?width=2032&format=png&auto=webp&s=7533b036ae0ea2b94412cb5a1adc4decb212b472

https://preview.redd.it/ysczodb5z7hf1.png?width=2032&format=png&auto=webp&s=ccb3261e1f8a84a79f566918669acb72d2db3914

If you like the project, I'd appreciate a star >\_<

/r/django
https://redd.it/1micjf5

DeepMind Genie3 architecture speculation

If you haven't seen Genie 3 yet: https://deepmind.google/discover/blog/genie-3-a-new-frontier-for-world-models/

It is really mind blowing, especially when you look at the comparison between 2 and 3, the most striking thing is that 2 has this clear constant statistical noise in the frame (the walls and such are clearly shifting colours, everything is shifting because its a statistical model conditioned on the previous frames) whereas in 3 this is completely eliminated. I think we know Genie 2 is a diffusion model outputting 1 frame at a time, conditional on the past frames and the keyboard inputs for movement, but Genie 3's perfect keeping of the environment makes me think it is done another way, such as by generating the actual 3d physical world as the models output, saving it as some kind of 3d meshing + textures and then having some rules of what needs to be generated in the world when (anything the user can see in frame).

What do you think? Lets speculate together!

/r/MachineLearning
https://redd.it/1mic820

django-modelsearch: Index Django Models with Elasticsearch or OpenSearch and query them with the ORM
https://github.com/kaedroho/django-modelsearch

/r/django
https://redd.it/1mi4my9

Neurocipher: Python project combining cryptography and Hopfield networks

What My Project Does

Neurocipher is a Python-based research project that integrates classic cryptography with neural networks. It goes beyond standard encryption examples by implementing both encryption algorithms and associative memory for key recovery using Hopfield networks.

Key Features

Manual implementation of symmetric (AES/Fernet) and asymmetric (RSA, ECC/ECDSA) encryption.

Fully documented math foundations and code explanations in LaTeX (PDF included).

A Hopfield neural network capable of storing and recovering binary keys (e.g., 128-bit) with up to 40–50% noise.

Recovery experiments automated and visualized in Python (CSV + Matplotlib).

All tests reproducible, with logging, version control and clean structure.

Target Audience

This project is ideal for:

Python developers interested in cryptography internals.

Students or educators looking for educational crypto demos.

ML researchers exploring neural associative memory.

Anyone curious about building crypto + memory systems from scratch.

How It Stands Out

While most crypto projects focus only on encryption/decryption, Neurocipher explores how corrupted or noisy keys could be recovered, bridging the gap between cryptography and biologically-inspired computation.

This is not just a toy project — it’s a testbed for secure, noise-resilient memory.

Get Started

git clone [https://github.com/davidgc17/neurocipher](https://github.com/davidgc17/neurocipher)
cd neurocipher
pip install -r requirements.txt
python demos/demo_symmetric.py

View full documentation, experiments and diagrams in /docs and /graficos.

🔗 GitHub Repo: github.com/davidgc17/neurocipher 📄 License: Apache 2.0 🚀 Release: v1.0 now

/r/Python
https://redd.it/1mib8l9

Python Code Audit - A modern Python source code analyzer based on distrust.

What My Project Does

Python Codeaudit is a tool to find security issues in Python code. This static application security testing (SAST) tool has great features to simplify the necessary security tasks and make it fun and easy.


Key Features

Vulnerability Detection: Identifies security vulnerabilities in Python files, essential for package security research.
Complexity & Statistics: Reports security-relevant complexity using a fast, lightweight cyclomatic complexity count via Python's AST.
Module Usage & External Vulnerabilities: Detects used modules and reports vulnerabilities in external ones.
Inline Issue Reporting: Shows potential security issues with line numbers and code snippets.
HTML Reports: All output is saved in simple, static HTML reports viewable in any browser.

Target Audience

Anyone who want or must check security risks with Python programs.
Anyone who loves to create functionality using Python. So not only professional programs , but also occasional Python programmers or programmers who are used to working with other languages.
Anyone who wants an easy way to get insight in possible security risks Python programs.

Comparison

There are not many good and maintained FOSS SAST tools for Python available. A well known Python SAST tool is Bandit. However Bandit is limited in identifying security issues and has constrains that makes

/r/Python
https://redd.it/1mid59i

Image processing to extract miles of rail road track

Anyway to estimate number of miles of red line (rail road track) from this image?

https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcSFQBtk10HP5jT5JSHjloQ4E5KoNAl32SGo3Q&s

/r/Python
https://redd.it/1mieaaz

Noobie Created my first "app" today!

Recently got into coding (around a month or so ago) and python was something I remembered from a class I took in high school. Through rehashing my memory on YouTube and other forums, today I built my first "app" I guess? Its a checker for minecraft usernames that connects to the mojang api and allows you to see if usernames are available or not. Working on adding a text file import, but for now its manual typing / paste with one username per line.

Pretty proud of my work and how far I've come in a short time. Can't add an image (I'm guessing cuz I just joined the sub) but here's an imgur of how it looks! Basic I know, but functional! I know some of guys are probably pros and slate me for how it looks but I'm so proud of it lol. Here's to going further!

Image of what I made

/r/Python
https://redd.it/1miuohk

Pybotchi: Lightweight Intent-Based Agent Builder

## Core Architecture:

Nested Intent-Based Supervisor Agent Architecture

## What Core Features Are Currently Supported?

### Lifecycle

- Every agent utilizes pre, core, fallback, and post executions.

### Sequential Combination

- Multiple agent executions can be performed in sequence within a single tool call.

### Concurrent Combination

- Multiple agent executions can be performed concurrently in a single tool call, using either threads or tasks.

### Sequential Iteration

- Multiple agent executions can be performed via iteration.

### MCP Integration

- As Server: Existing agents can be mounted to FastAPI to become an MCP endpoint.
- As Client: Agents can connect to an MCP server and integrate its tools.
- Tools can be overridden.

### Combine/Override/Extend/Nest Everything

- Everything is configurable.

## How to Declare an Agent?

### LLM Declaration

from pybotchi import LLM
from langchain_openai import ChatOpenAI

LLM.add(
    base = ChatOpenAI(.....)
)

### Imports

from pybotchi import Action, ActionReturn, Context

### Agent Declaration

class Translation(Action):
    """Translate to specified language."""

    async def pre(self, context):
        message = await context.llm.ainvoke(context.prompts)
        await context.add_response(self, message.content)
        return ActionReturn.GO

- This can already work as an agent. context.llm will use the base LLM.
- You have complete freedom here: call another agent,

/r/Python
https://redd.it/1miw2jm

Reading older books

I am going through a relatively older book written in 2019. The book is about recommendation engines and that is the topic I really want to learn for a project I am working on but it uses Django as a web framework for demonstration of the overall system as opposed to just the modeling part. I haven't used Django in a while and kind of don't want to get back on that train again. Is it worth it to either fork and update the book repo to newest version of Django (and in the process re-learn the basics of it) or to try porting the website to FastAPI(my current preferred tool for web) or should I just use the older versions of the libraries? I know in the long run it all depends on specifics but what is the consensus on cases like this when you have to read an older book, few other tutorials/docs exist that go into that much detail and you know versioning will be a problem. Let me know if this belongs to learnpython instead but I thought this is more of a discussion than a question.

/r/Python
https://redd.it/1miw1t9