How to prepare for aptitude?

I am just starting to prepare for aptitude tests, but I find it hard to solve the problems. I understand in videos that how to solve ,but i can’t figure out how to solve it. Many problems also seem the same, which confuses me. Can you suggest some easy-to-understand YouTube channels for learning aptitude and give tips to help me improve?

/r/django
https://redd.it/1hzpnzu

Python with type hints and Mypy: regret for not using statically typed lang?

If a company adopted Python and then, after several years, integrates MyPy, wouldn't they be better off if they'd start with a statically typed language instead of Python?
This sounds like an uphill battle to get to some half-baked type-safety, but I'm not versed in Python development, so asking the pros here (I realize this might not be the best place to ask this question, to say the least, but I'll give it a try)

/r/Python
https://redd.it/1hzk4vb

D Simple Questions Thread

Please post your questions here instead of creating a new thread. Encourage others who create new posts for questions to post here instead!

Thread will stay alive until next one so keep posting after the date in the title.

Thanks to everyone for answering questions in the previous thread!

/r/MachineLearning
https://redd.it/1hzprm8

FuzzyAI - Jailbreak your favorite LLM

My buddies and I have developed an open-source fuzzer that is fully extendable. It’s fully operational and supports over 10 different attack methods, including several that we created, across various providers, including all major models and local ones like Ollama. You can also use the framework to classify your output and determine if it is adversarial. This is often done to create benchmarks, train your model, or train a detector.

So far, we’ve been able to jailbreak every tested LLM successfully. We plan to maintain the project actively and would love to hear your feedback. We welcome contributions from the community!

/r/Python
https://redd.it/1hzpqxu

Built My First Document Scanning and OCR App – Would Love to Hear Your Thoughts!

Hi everyone! 👋

I recently finished ocr-tools ,a small project, and as someone still learning and exploring new skills, I wanted to share it with you all! It’s a simple web app where you can:

# What My Project Does

Upload an image (like a photo of a document).
Automatically detect the document's corners and apply perspective correction.
Extract text from the document with OCR and save it as a searchable PDF.

I built this using FastAPI, along with OpenCV for the image processing and Tesseract for the OCR. The process taught me so much about working with images, handling user inputs, and creating APIs. It’s designed to be straightforward and helpful for anyone who wants to scan documents or images quickly and cleanly.

Here are some of the main features:

Clean UI: Upload images easily and process them in a few clicks.
Perspective correction: Automatically detects and crops the document to give you a straightened view.
OCR output: Extracts text and saves it to a PDF.

# Target Audience

It is just a toy project to learn new skills

# Comparison

There are a lot of projects like this and better than this one

Thanks for reading, and I hope you find it as fun as I did

/r/Python
https://redd.it/1hzpohx

Monday Daily Thread: Project ideas!

# Weekly Thread: Project Ideas 💡

Welcome to our weekly Project Ideas thread! Whether you're a newbie looking for a first project or an expert seeking a new challenge, this is the place for you.

## How it Works:

1. **Suggest a Project**: Comment your project idea—be it beginner-friendly or advanced.
2. **Build & Share**: If you complete a project, reply to the original comment, share your experience, and attach your source code.
3. **Explore**: Looking for ideas? Check out Al Sweigart's ["The Big Book of Small Python Projects"](https://www.amazon.com/Big-Book-Small-Python-Programming/dp/1718501242) for inspiration.

## Guidelines:

* Clearly state the difficulty level.
* Provide a brief description and, if possible, outline the tech stack.
* Feel free to link to tutorials or resources that might help.

# Example Submissions:

## Project Idea: Chatbot

**Difficulty**: Intermediate

**Tech Stack**: Python, NLP, Flask/FastAPI/Litestar

**Description**: Create a chatbot that can answer FAQs for a website.

**Resources**: [Building a Chatbot with Python](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a37BL0stIuM)

# Project Idea: Weather Dashboard

**Difficulty**: Beginner

**Tech Stack**: HTML, CSS, JavaScript, API

**Description**: Build a dashboard that displays real-time weather information using a weather API.

**Resources**: [Weather API Tutorial](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9P5MY_2i7K8)

## Project Idea: File Organizer

**Difficulty**: Beginner

**Tech Stack**: Python, File I/O

**Description**: Create a script that organizes files in a directory into sub-folders based on file type.

**Resources**: [Automate the Boring Stuff: Organizing Files](https://automatetheboringstuff.com/2e/chapter9/)

Let's help each other grow. Happy

/r/Python
https://redd.it/1i00vbq

I made a Blood Analysis Tool because I'm a True Crime junkie

I made this project with OpenCV and Streamlit. Let me know what you think?

https://youtu.be/SGF-PqMpctY

GitHub (please watch the video): https://github.com/saifaldin14/BloodSplatterAnalysis

What My Project Does: This is a small 2D Blood Analysis App inspired by the True Crime videos I like watching!

Target Audience: Programmers and YouTube enthusiasts who like seeing cool projects

Comparison: This is a simplified version of real-world forensic analysis tools. It uses a lot of the same computer vision techniques in other projects but its idea is far more unique. I think the techniques showed in this video are really useful for people trying to learn image analysis and computer vision.

/r/Python
https://redd.it/1hzqc40

Doubts about deleting elements

I'm creating a website where you can register and thus get a warehouse where you can store your wav and mp3 files, listen to them from there and maybe download them later.

I finished implementing the functionality to allow the user to delete his songs. There is a problem, or rather, perhaps it is more of a fear of mine, so tell me if what I say doesn't make sense.
I first delete the song in the directory and then in the database (where the file name is stored). I would like to make sure that these two instructions are connected, that is, if for some strange reason the db.session.commit() fails and therefore does not save the changes to the database, I would then like the directory not to be modified either.
This is my code piece:

db.session.query(Sound).filter(Sound.body == sound_to_delete, Sound.user_id == current_user.id).delete()
           
sound_path = os.path.join('app', 'static', 'uploads', f'{current_user.username[0].upper()}', f'{current_user.username}', f'{sound_to_delete[0].upper()}', sound_to_delete)
if os.path.isfile(sound_path):
os.remove(sound_path)
               
db.session.commit()


/r/flask
https://redd.it/1hzmwac

spss syntax to pandas

does anyone have a good resource showing spss syntax to python pandas, a crosswalk showing the code? i am aware that not everything is a 1 to 1 match. but most of the tabular data wrangling the methodology is the same. thanks western watts

/r/Python
https://redd.it/1hzszu4

MFA in flask web app

I would like to set up email and /or phone number verification for users on a web app. I'm finding it so hard . Any help and assistance will be much appreciated

/r/flask
https://redd.it/1hxujfg

I Made Search Engine Using Python And Flask.
https://youtu.be/Wy6j7EiuyLY

/r/flask
https://redd.it/1i0axr7

DataBridge: Open-source local multimodal modular RAG system using Python

Hey r/Python! I'm excited to share [DataBridge](https://github.com/databridge-org/databridge-core) \- a multimodal, modular fully local RAG system I've been working on.

**What makes it different:**

* Truly self-hosted - uses Postgres for vector storage (no cloud vector DBs), Local LLMs and embeddings through Ollama integration
* Handles multiple document types (PDFs, Word docs, images, etc.)
* Modular architecture - swap components as needed
* Clean Python SDK for easy integration
* Perfect for sensitive documents or air-gapped environments

Everything runs locally without external API dependencies.

**Looking for:**

* 🤝 Early adopters and feedback
* 💡 Feature requests and use cases
* 🐛 Bug reports
* 🌟 Any contributors welcome!

I'd love to hear your thoughts and suggestions!

Links:

* GitHub: [https://github.com/databridge-org/databridge-core](https://github.com/databridge-org/databridge-core)
* Docs: [https://databridge.gitbook.io/databridge-docs](https://databridge.gitbook.io/databridge-docs)


/r/Python
https://redd.it/1i07szz

Never Knew You Could Do That!😭 Pretty sure i am working in a fresh Venv

/r/django
https://redd.it/1i09fkp

R Cosine Similarity Isn't the Silver Bullet We Thought It Was

Netflix and Cornell University researchers have exposed significant flaws in cosine similarity. Their study reveals that regularization in linear matrix factorization models introduces arbitrary scaling, leading to unreliable or meaningless cosine similarity results. These issues stem from the flexibility of embedding rescaling, affecting downstream tasks like recommendation systems. The research highlights the need for alternatives, such as Euclidean distance, dot products, or normalization techniques, and suggests task-specific evaluations to ensure robustness.

Read the full paper review of 'Is Cosine-Similarity of Embeddings Really About Similarity?' here: https://www.shaped.ai/blog/cosine-similarity-not-the-silver-bullet-we-thought-it-was

/r/MachineLearning
https://redd.it/1i0hfsd

RichChk: Edit StarCraft maps in Python

# What My Project Does

My project, RichChk, allows directly editing all aspects of a StarCraft Brood War map in Python. This is to allow those who make StarCraft custom games / maps (they can be thought of as "mods") a powerful way to use modern software practices to maintain and iterate on their maps, without using clunky GUIs. I initially made this library for myself, as my own custom maps became too complicated to maintain using text macros and having to copy+paste script output to update the map each time I made changes to test it. I named my project RichChk from the binary file format maps are stored in called Scenario.chk and my library making it much richer and easier for a human to read/edit.

Some examples of custom StarCraft maps are Battle of Helms Deep or even a re-creation of Elder Scrolls IV Oblivion RPG. My library was not used to make those maps, but the idea is that going forward it is better to maintain and create such maps using this library.

RichChk is a fully statically typed codebase with 200+ unit tests. I use GitHub actions to automatically run

/r/Python
https://redd.it/1i0lwjo

Indentation-based syntax for Clojure

Indentation-based syntax for Clojure

What My Project Does

Provides indentation-based, Python-like syntax for Clojure.

Target Audience

Developers who want to try Clojure, but its syntax looks weird for them. It can be a starting point to dive into Clojure and its ecosystem. Due its indentation-based nature it can be interesting for Python developers. Also it can be interesting for programming languages designers and developers.

Comparison

Compared to Clojure syntax the project provides more familiar and traditional non-lisp syntax: C-style function call, infix notation for math operations, less parentheses.

Compared to Python the project provides more functional programming, Clojure/Java ecosystem.

/r/Python
https://redd.it/1i0k96j

Niquests 3.12 — What's new in 2025

The Requests fork http client is growing rapidly and soon to hit his 1st million pulls.
Since last time we published in this subreddit, we are proud to announce that:

- Made SSE (Server side event) consumption natively integrated.
- Brought HTTP/2+ WebSocket as a mainstream client.
- Within our Python ecosystem, we're the only one! Chrome & Firefox were capable ages ago!
- Upgraded our Kyber768Draft post quantum implementation to standard Module Lattice 768 (ML-KEM-768).
- Ensured free threaded support!
- Requests, and Niquests are the only trustworthy clients that can run on the experimental build.
- httpx was already crashing randomly when the GIL is enabled (mostly with http2). In the free threaded build, it crashes every single time (http1 or http2). Thus confirming the unsafe aspect of sharing httpx.Client between threads.
- Allowed caching of the OCSP revocation status, via pickling your Session.
- Using ping frames to keep alive (discretly) your HTTP/2+ connections perfectly, without ever leafting a finger.
- Wrote guides on how to get the smoothest upgrade between Requests and Niquests while keeping all your plugins (e.g. betamax, requests-mock, responses, requests-oauthlib, ...).

The project reached 1,1k+ stars thanks to you all.
I receive a lot of positive feedback either pivately (mostly

/r/Python
https://redd.it/1i09ip9

Questions about launching first public-facing django project

Hi all,

A few questions:


1. I'm about to launch a product in the next few months. I'm a blind developer, and want to make sure that my UI looks okay. Is there an easy way to give my django templates to someone I pay to make them look better without sharing the entire repo of code? I'm under a couple license restrictions and don't know how to handle that.

Finally, Are there reasonable t&c/ToS templates that are useful for copying without paying a lawyer $250/h? Anything else I should be concerned about in that realm when launching? Any pitfalls you ran into when launching a service?

Thanks,

/r/django
https://redd.it/1i0qqlq

drf-oauth-toolkit: a set of tools to simplify Oauth

# [drf-oauth-toolkit](https://github.com/basola21/drf-oauth-toolkit) – Pre-Demo Release

hello everyone

I’ve just released the **pre-demo version** of `drf-oauth-toolkit`, a Django REST Framework library aimed at simplifying **OAuth2 token management** and making authentication workflows more flexible for modern APIs.

# Why I Built This

OAuth integration has become a standard need in most modern projects, especially when working with providers like Google or Facebook. While there are already great libraries for Django such as:

* `django-oauth-toolkit` – A complete OAuth2 provider.
* `social-auth-app-django` – Powerful social authentication for multiple providers.
* `dj-rest-auth` – A convenient drop-in solution for registration and social auth.

I built `drf-oauth-toolkit` to solve **flexibility issues** I've encountered in real-world projects. Many existing libraries assume a fixed way of handling tokens and user management, which can be challenging when working with Django Rest Framework or non-standard token workflows.

# ✅ Key Problems I'm Addressing:

* **Complex Setup:** Some libraries require extensive boilerplate with limited flexibility.
* **Token Management Assumptions:** Fixed token storage strategies that may not fit every project.
* **DRF Optimization:** Some packages aren't designed for DRF-first workflows.

# ✅ What's Ready Now:

* Core token management and structure implemented.
* Built following DRF best practices for security and scalability.
* Designed for easy integration and extension.

# What's Next:

The foundation is ready, and I’m currently

/r/django
https://redd.it/1i0ikmf

Tuesday Daily Thread: Advanced questions

# Weekly Wednesday Thread: Advanced Questions 🐍

Dive deep into Python with our Advanced Questions thread! This space is reserved for questions about more advanced Python topics, frameworks, and best practices.

## How it Works:

1. **Ask Away**: Post your advanced Python questions here.
2. **Expert Insights**: Get answers from experienced developers.
3. **Resource Pool**: Share or discover tutorials, articles, and tips.

## Guidelines:

* This thread is for **advanced questions only**. Beginner questions are welcome in our [Daily Beginner Thread](#daily-beginner-thread-link) every Thursday.
* Questions that are not advanced may be removed and redirected to the appropriate thread.

## Recommended Resources:

* If you don't receive a response, consider exploring r/LearnPython or join the [Python Discord Server](https://discord.gg/python) for quicker assistance.

## Example Questions:

1. **How can you implement a custom memory allocator in Python?**
2. **What are the best practices for optimizing Cython code for heavy numerical computations?**
3. **How do you set up a multi-threaded architecture using Python's Global Interpreter Lock (GIL)?**
4. **Can you explain the intricacies of metaclasses and how they influence object-oriented design in Python?**
5. **How would you go about implementing a distributed task queue using Celery and RabbitMQ?**
6. **What are some advanced use-cases for Python's decorators?**
7. **How can you achieve real-time data streaming in Python with WebSockets?**
8. **What are the

/r/Python
https://redd.it/1i0snf0