Polars vs Pandas

I have used Pandas a little in the past, and have never used Polars. Essentially, I will have to learn either of them more or less from scratch (since I don't remember anything of Pandas). Assume that I don't care for speed, or do not have very large datasets (at most 1-2gb of data). Which one would you recommend I learn, from the perspective of ease and joy of use, and the commonly done tasks with data?

/r/Python
https://redd.it/1jg402b

A low-pass filter with an LFO

# Background

I am posting a series of Python scripts that demonstrate using Supriya, a Python API for SuperCollider, in a dedicated subreddit. Supriya makes it possible to create synthesizers, sequencers, drum machines, and music, of course, using Python.

All demos are posted here: r/supriya\_python.

The code for all demos can be found in this GitHub repo.

These demos assume knowledge of the Python programming language. They do not teach how to program in Python. Therefore, an intermediate level of experience with Python is required.

# The demo

In the latest demo, I show how to create a resonant low-pass filter and modulate the filter's cutoff frequency with a low frequency oscillator.

/r/Python
https://redd.it/1jgcclm

Proposal: Native Design by Contract in Python via class invariants — thoughts?

Hey folks,

I've just posted a proposal on discuss.python.org to bring Design by Contract (DbC) into Python by allowing classes to define an __invariant__() method.

The idea: Python would automatically call __invariant__() before and after public method calls—no decorators or metaclasses required. This makes it easier to write self-verifying code, especially in stateful systems.

Languages like Eiffel, D, and Ada support this natively. I believe it could fit Python’s philosophy, especially if it’s opt-in and runs in debug mode.

I attempted a C extension, but hit a brick wall —so I decided to bring the idea directly to the community.

Would love your feedback:
🔗 https://discuss.python.org/t/design-by-contract-in-python-proposal-for-native-class-invariants/85434

— Andrea

/r/Python
https://redd.it/1jgdgob

How I Helped a Beginner Learn Power BI, Excel & Python for Data Analysis


A few months ago, I started helping people learn data analysis, even if they had zero experience. One of my students, who had never used Power BI or Python before, went from complete beginner to confidently analyzing real-world datasets in just three weeks.

I’ve noticed that many beginners struggle with:
✅ Choosing the right tool (Excel? Power BI? Python?)
✅ Cleaning and visualizing data effectively
✅ Building projects that actually get attention

So, I put together simple, beginner-friendly tutorials that help people master Power BI, Advanced Excel, Tableau, and Python without feeling overwhelmed.

If you’re curious about data analysis and want to learn in a practical, no-jargon way, I’m happy to share some free beginner tips to get you started.

Drop a comment or DM me if you're interested!

/r/IPython
https://redd.it/1jgc6xe

Tutorial on using the Tableview Class from tkifrom tkinter/ttkbootstrap library to create table GUI

A short tutorial on using Tableview Class from tkinter/ttkbootstrap library to create beautiful looking table GUI's in Python.

image of the GUI interface

We learn to How to create the table and populate data into the table.finally we make a simple tkinter app to add /delete records from our table.



[Full Online Article on using Tableview Class to create Tables here](https://www.xanthium.in/create-gui-table-widget-tkinter-using-ttkbootstrap-tableview-class-tutorial)
Source code can be downloaded from GitHub

/r/Python
https://redd.it/1jggpz8

Need advice building an app

I help my best friend post his beats on youtube. He’s a producer. Basically its adding a high quality picture from pininterest and just joining it together with the mp3 of the song/beats in premiere pro. I feel like I should be able to create an app which can automate all these processes.

-That would find an high quality image on the internet
-And all I simply have to do is to give it the mp3 and it does the rest and even upload to the channel. It would be nice if it could go through the channel and check which the thumbnails used in the videos to get a feel of what kind if image to use.

I find this interesting for myself but I have zero to no programming or coding knowledge. Hence, the question is, if I wanted to do this, what would you suggest I learn and what other tips can anyone else give to make it work? Thank you:)

/r/Python
https://redd.it/1jgm232

Should I Prioritize Learning Programming (Like Python) for AI and Machine Learning After 12th Grade?


I just gave my 12th-grade exams a few weeks ago, and I feel like I might just barely pass. Should I learn a programming language like Python or not? Because I feel like I’m going to waste the next 2-3 months, and once I start doing something, I can only dedicate about 4 hours a day to it. I also want to learn a lot about AI and Machine Learning, as I think I’m interested in this field. For this, I know I need to learn programming languages. So, should I prioritize coding or not? Please someone guide me.

/r/Python
https://redd.it/1jghriu

Column data getting mixed up in SQLAlchemy database for rows at random

So here is the deal. I have a list of dictionaries which I am looping through, adding each of the keys to a database in each iteration of a loop. After the entire list has been added and committed to the database, I look at the database, and randomly (or it seems random at least), there are rows that are duplicated but when several of the column data shifted to the wrong column. Most of the time, it seems like a duplicate row where this happens (one row is fine, the other is screwy), but I have seen at least one row where there isn't a duplicate but its columns are mixed up.

If all rows are like this, then I would gather that the issue is somewhere in my code, the way that I am adding data to the columns of my database in the flask app logic, but since most rows are okay (maybe 80%), I'm not too sure what is going on is in the logic but rather somewhere else.

See the attached picture for an example of the database record which is faulty (row 17, which seems to be a faulty copy of row 18) and below for

/r/flask
https://redd.it/1jg8rmo

Soft Launch Quick-Scale – A SaaS Starter Kit

Hey everyone,

I’ve been working on Quick-Scale, a free, open-source (Apache 2.0) Django-based SaaS starter kit designed for AI/ML engineers, Data Scientists, and Backend/Cloud developers who want to launch products faster—without getting stuck in full-stack development.

It comes with built-in authentication, deployment, and a scalable architecture so you can focus on building your product instead of boilerplate setup.

Still in development – Stripe integration and Railway deploy are in progress! Would love any feedback or suggestions from fellow devs.

1️) Install: pip install quickscale
2️) Create project: quickscale build awesome-project
3️) Open: http://localhost:8000

Let me know what you think! Happy to answer any questions.

https://pypi.org/project/quickscale/

Thank you!
Víctor.

/r/django
https://redd.it/1jghzq5

Using Polars as a Vector Store - Can a Dataframe library compete?

Hi! I wanted to share a project I've been working on that explores whether Polars \- the lightning-fast DataFrame library - can function as a vector store for similarity search and metadata filtering.

What My Project Does

The project was inspired by this blog post. The idea is simple: store vector embeddings in a Parquet file, load them with Polars and perform similarity search operations directly on the DataFrame.

I implemented 3 different approaches:

1. NumPy-based approach: Extract embeddings as NumPy arrays and compute similarity with NumPy functions.
2. Polars TopK: Compute similarity directly in Polars using the top_k function.
3. Polars ArgPartition: Similar to the previous one, but sorting elements leveraging the arg\_partition plugin (which I implemented for the occasion).

I benchmarked these methods against ChromaDB (a real vector database) to see how they compare.

Target Audience

This project is a proof of concept to explore the feasibility of using Polars as a vector database. At its current stage, it has limited real-world use cases beyond simple examples or educational purposes. However, I believe anyone interested in the topic can gain valuable insights from it.

Comparison

You can find a more detailed analysis on the README.md of the project, but here’s the summary:

\- ✅ Yes, Polars can be used as

/r/Python
https://redd.it/1jgtjnr

DRF Deployment

Hi there, I am fairly new to Django and DRF, I have never deployed a django project but have built small development APIs to learn.

I'm trying to deploy a project with gunicorn and nginx (if there is a better alternative, please let me know)

#PROBLEM
I keep running into an issue where my django admin panel hangs frequently, or takes up to 4s to load the page. Check Chrome tools it's usually jsi18n which takes the most time. My apis calls also have a tendency to hang and ends up timing out. I'm using AWD RDS postgres db.

#TRIED
- Upgrading DB
- Checking my SQL queries (at most 500ms)
- Increasing gunicorn workers
- Changed nginx configuration

#INFO
- I have 2 custom models, an altered base user model and a password otp model
- I'm using simple_jwt
- The hanging or long loading can happen on any call or any django admin page (except login page)

If there is any more information, code examples, please let me know.

I'm really struggling to find modern Deployment techniques for DRF, atm my setup is Docker, gunicorn and nginx. If anyone has any up to date resources for better deployment, I would be incredibly grateful.

/r/django
https://redd.it/1jgku8k

Something's wrong!

I'm trying to learn django with w3schools tutorials. I learned python there and it was fine. I learned numpy and pandas and they were easy and readable and comprehensible. But now in the django tutorial I find myself completely lost!

Look I don't even know where the problem is. is it me? is it the tutorial? the django itself?

Cause I haven't worked web before at all. I didn't even knew how to find directory in cmd but I'm researcher at heart. I dig deep and figure it out. But I find myself, with django, in a state of despair. I'm up till models tutorial and still copy-pasting stuff and I don't know why. There are lots of lines to copy which none I'm familiar with and since I don't understand them, repeating them and writing them doesn't help either. Tutorial doesn't explain these to me and I honestly for the first time feel overwhelmed.

Should I have a background in web dev then I learn django? Am I missing something?

/r/django
https://redd.it/1jgac79

Saturday Daily Thread: Resource Request and Sharing! Daily Thread

# Weekly Thread: Resource Request and Sharing 📚

Stumbled upon a useful Python resource? Or are you looking for a guide on a specific topic? Welcome to the Resource Request and Sharing thread!

## How it Works:

1. Request: Can't find a resource on a particular topic? Ask here!
2. Share: Found something useful? Share it with the community.
3. Review: Give or get opinions on Python resources you've used.

## Guidelines:

Please include the type of resource (e.g., book, video, article) and the topic.
Always be respectful when reviewing someone else's shared resource.

## Example Shares:

1. Book: "Fluent Python" \- Great for understanding Pythonic idioms.
2. Video: Python Data Structures \- Excellent overview of Python's built-in data structures.
3. Article: Understanding Python Decorators \- A deep dive into decorators.

## Example Requests:

1. Looking for: Video tutorials on web scraping with Python.
2. Need: Book recommendations for Python machine learning.

Share the knowledge, enrich the community. Happy learning! 🌟

/r/Python
https://redd.it/1jgveqp

Announcing Dash Particles: Interactive tsParticles Animations for Dash

Announce the release of Dash Particles, a new component library that brings beautiful, interactive particle animations to your Dash applications!

# What My Project Does?

Dash Particles is a wrapper around the powerful tsParticles JavaScript library, making it seamlessly available in Dash (only published for python, but probably easy to publish in R, julia). It allows you to create stunning interactive visual effects shown on the Github

# Installation

pip install dash-particles

# Example Usage

import dash
from dash import html
import dashparticles

app = dash.Dash(name)

app.layout = html.Div([
html.H1("My App with Particles"),

dashparticles.DashParticles(
id="particles",
options={
"background": {
"color": {"value":

/r/Python
https://redd.it/1jgzenr

Turtle graphics not working with Mac Sequoia. Running Python 3.12.9

I get this error:

2025-03-21 19:38:02.393 python16933:1310835 +IMKClient subclass: chose IMKClientModern
2025-03-21 19:38:02.394 python[16933:1310835] +[IMKInputSession subclass]: chose IMKInputSessionModern

Is there an alternative for graphics? I’m just learning to code.

/r/Python
https://redd.it/1jgvbsc

Starting to learn Backend Development for the very first time using Flask

Hey guys! I have started to learn Flask recently but I saw that the styling of the page was also being done in the tutorials using HTML and CSS. I am well versed with the fundamentals of Python and know basic HTML and CSS. But when it comes to applying CSS for styling, it really sucks. Also I just want to go for Backend Development and have no plans for Frontend as of now. So what should I do to ease the styling of the page?
Also I wanted to ask whether any JS will be required if I want to pursue only Backend Development using only Flask? I don't know JS at all.

/r/flask
https://redd.it/1jgrewm

Advanced/better error reporting than inserting a butt load of print statements?

I am working on a somewhat large Django project. I only develop back end and I am remote. I get frustrated when there is a large function but the error output in the console is is function name, some Django/python internal function names and errors and then TypeError: Object of ValueError is not JSON serializable.


I mean the function is huge. It can span over views, then multiple modules calling other functions. But I don't get where exactly the function failed. Is the error from my side or from the front end payload being wrong datatype. Sometimes it's difficult to catch when there are around 15 variables/data objects are being passed from request. Why do I need to insert 10 different print statement in the code rather than the thing telling me where exactly the function failed? Is there any way? Any library or extension which can help me sort out this issue?

(I am using vscode)

/r/djangolearning
https://redd.it/1jghxlb

[Research]Can AI remember irreversibly, like a brain does? I built a model that tries — and it works surprisingly well.

Most AI models update memory reversibly — but biological memory doesn’t work that way. The brain forgets, evolves, and never “undoes” anything.

I built a model called TMemNet-I, which uses:

* entropy-based decay
* irreversible memory updates (high KL divergence)
* tools like recurrence plots, permutation entropy, and Lyapunov exponents (still being refined)

It beats Transformers and CNNs on long-term retention and memory asymmetry.

Paper: [http://dx.doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.22521.99682](http://dx.doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.22521.99682)

It’s still a work in progress (some chaos metrics need tightening), but early results show signs of real emergent memory.

Is this a step toward more brain-like memory in AI?
Open to thoughts, questions, and critique.

/r/MachineLearning
https://redd.it/1jh6lr0

Looking for production level Django projects to learn from!

TLDR:
I am a junior software developer looking to improve using examples of production level open source django projects!

Hi all,

I am a junior software developer and the company I work for uses Django Rest Framework on the backend. I have been at the company around a year and looking to move up to mid level developer. The current code base that my company uses does not always follow best practices and industry standards. To learn more and improve our code base I am looking for examples of production level open source projects that I can use as reference.

As much as the django documentation is useful it is great to see how others code!

Thanks all!

/r/django
https://redd.it/1jh51cp

Custom path params validation

Hi, I'm registering a custom url parameter converter to handle "user" params in paths.

For example I have the following route

userrolesroutes = UserRolesAPI.asview("userroles")
app.addurlrule("/users/<user:user>/roles", viewfunc=userrolesroutes)

and in the get route I can access the user directly

def get(self, user: User):
return user.roles


I implemented the custom parameter converter using

from werkzeug.routing import BaseConverter, ValidationError

class UserConverter(BaseConverter):
def topython(self, value: str):
try:
userid = int(value)
except ValueError:
raise ValidationError("Invalid user ID")
user = db.session.execute(db.select(User).filterby(id=userid)).scalaroneornone()
if user is None:


/r/flask
https://redd.it/1jgwcpc