NumPy

This is an open-source library, once separated from the SciPy project. NumPy is based on the LAPAC library, which is written in Fortran. Fortran-based implementation makes NumPy a fast library. And by virtue of the fact that it supports vector operations with multidimensional arrays, it is extremely convenient.

The non-Python alternative for NumPy is Matlab.

Besides support for multidimensional arrays, NumPy includes a set of packages for solving specialized problems, for example:

▪️numpy.linalg - implements linear algebra operations;
▪️numpy.random - implements functions for dealing with random variables;
▪️numpy.fft - implements direct and inverse Fourier transform.

A guide to NumPy with many nice illustrations

#python

A little bit of Python. In Python exists no native empty-set-literal, because {} is already reserved for dictionaries. However, you can unpack an empty list and get a sort of empty-set-literal with Python >= 3.5 (see PEP 448):

 s = {*[]}  # or {*{}} or {*()}
>>> print(s)
set()

#python