Man of the British Bell Beaker/British Bronze Age Culture

He was found in Cowlam England. No dna testing to my knowledge so I had to use artistic license for the phenotypes. Many Beaker samples had brown and black hair but there were some blond haired samples as well. This included an Irish Bell Beaker sample with blond hair and brown eyes. I used him for phenotype inspiration. I could not find info on grave goods so I gave him a golden lunula which was found in Bronze Age Ireland, Britain, France, and Germany.

No date was given for the skull (it was a sketch from an old British archeological book so no carbon dating) so there is a wide possible range from c. 2200 — c. 800 BC.

His y haplogroup was most likely R1b like almost all British Bronze Age male samples. He was 5’7 tall and had a very wide skull characteristic of Bell Beakers.


https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bronze_Age_Britain

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gold_lunula

Working with the talented @upas108 we have created an artistic reconstruction of an Andronovo man from Upper Tobol, Kazakhstan. The Andronovo horizon is as a collection of related subcultures descended from the Sintashta and closely related to the Srubnaya culture located westward. They were almost entirely R1a-Z93.

He was based on an anthropological bust. We do not have phenotypes information on this particular gentleman but Andronovo likely had a variety of hair and eye colors as both light eyes and hair was found in the Sintashta culture and later descendants such as the Karasuk, Tagar, and Scythian cultures. I choose brown hair with reddish tint and green eyes for my artistic interpretation. The designs on his clothing were taken from designs on Andronovo pottery.

We plan to create some additional pieces showing other cultural items and interpretations.

Original bust photo. Posted for comparison purposes.

https://images.app.goo.gl/9wBkZpLLEQPtwqrMA

I have been experimenting with some new photo editing tools to enhance and add more realism to my existing artistic reconstructions. These are two of my earlier pieces representing two important ancestral groups of Northern Europeans.

The first man is from the Corded Ware culture and the second from the EEF Globular Amphora (updated his hair and eye color based on genetics data). Globular Amphora had some interesting selection for lighter hair that was not seen in most of EEF groups. Early CWC mostly had hair and eye color similar to their Yamnaya relatives.

I will be updating more older reconstructions and reposting soon.

Improved versions of my older Yamnaya artistic reconstructions.

Pie chart I put together on the data from the recent pre-print “Genetic Origins of the Indo-Europeans”.

I also included the data I gathered from the supplement file that I edited to just show males, their y haplogroups, location, and date. The ones marked “other” on the pie chart are low coverage samples and the researchers were limited on what info they could get about their y haplogroup (one was given just P for example).

There is one G Yamnaya sample from Hungary but is listed as an outlier so he may be of recent EEF origin and assimilated into Yamnaya culture.

The J2 Yamnaya sample was located in Moldovia and was part of the Western Branch of the Yamnaya horizon.

There were two Q samples in the Yamnaya with one from western Yamnaya (marked as an outlier) and one from Kazakhstan.

The rest of the Yamnaya are from R1b and I2 (same I2 as Sredny Stog). Don Yamnaya had high amounts of I2. There was also y haplogroup R1b subclades associated with CWC as well as a subclade found in Mycenaean Greece.