🔍 #تحلیل_متن_کنکور متن شماره ششم سال 87 کنکور ارشد روانشناسی
Behaviorism reigned as the dominant model in psychology throughout the first half of the 20th century, largely due to the creation of conditioning theories as scientific models of human behavior, and their successful application in the workplace and in fields such as advertising and military science.
However, it became increasingly clear that, although it had made some important discoveries, behaviorism was deficient as a guiding theory of human behavior. Noam Chomsky helped spark the cognitive revolution in psychology through his review of B. F. Skinner's Verbal Behavior, in which Chomsky challenged the behaviorist approach to the study of behavior and language dominant in the 1950s. In his theory of Generative Grammar Chomsky demonstrated that language could not be learned purely from conditioning, because people could produce sentences unique in structure and meaning that couldn't possibly be generated solely through experience of natural language - implying that there must be internal states of mind that behaviorism rejected as illusory. Similarly, work by Albert Bandura showed that children could learn by social observation, without any change in overt behavior, and so must be accounted for by internal representations.
♟ مترادف‌های مهم:
reign (حکفرما بودن): dominate
dominant (مسلط، غالب): leading / prevailing
throughout (سراسر): all over
largely (عمدتا): mainly / mostly / broadly
due to (به علتِ): as a result of / because of
application (کاربرد): usage
field (حوزه): area / domain / scope
however (اگرچه): although / though / yet
clear (آشکار): obvious / overt / apparent / evident
discoveries (کشفیات): findings
deficient (ناقص): flawed / incomplete / defective
help (کمک کردن): assist / aid
through (از طریقِ): via
demonstrate (نشان دادن): show / exhibit / display
unique (یکتا، منحصر به فرد): alone / isolated / sole
solely (فقط، منحصرا): only / merely / exclusively / purely
imply (به طور ضمنی اشاره داشتن): indicate / allude
reject (نپذیرفتن): refuse / decline
@PsyEngAcademy
Behaviorism reigned as the dominant model in psychology throughout the first half of the 20th century, largely due to the creation of conditioning theories as scientific models of human behavior, and their successful application in the workplace and in fields such as advertising and military science.
However, it became increasingly clear that, although it had made some important discoveries, behaviorism was deficient as a guiding theory of human behavior. Noam Chomsky helped spark the cognitive revolution in psychology through his review of B. F. Skinner's Verbal Behavior, in which Chomsky challenged the behaviorist approach to the study of behavior and language dominant in the 1950s. In his theory of Generative Grammar Chomsky demonstrated that language could not be learned purely from conditioning, because people could produce sentences unique in structure and meaning that couldn't possibly be generated solely through experience of natural language - implying that there must be internal states of mind that behaviorism rejected as illusory. Similarly, work by Albert Bandura showed that children could learn by social observation, without any change in overt behavior, and so must be accounted for by internal representations.
♟ مترادف‌های مهم:
reign (حکفرما بودن): dominate
dominant (مسلط، غالب): leading / prevailing
throughout (سراسر): all over
largely (عمدتا): mainly / mostly / broadly
due to (به علتِ): as a result of / because of
application (کاربرد): usage
field (حوزه): area / domain / scope
however (اگرچه): although / though / yet
clear (آشکار): obvious / overt / apparent / evident
discoveries (کشفیات): findings
deficient (ناقص): flawed / incomplete / defective
help (کمک کردن): assist / aid
through (از طریقِ): via
demonstrate (نشان دادن): show / exhibit / display
unique (یکتا، منحصر به فرد): alone / isolated / sole
solely (فقط، منحصرا): only / merely / exclusively / purely
imply (به طور ضمنی اشاره داشتن): indicate / allude
reject (نپذیرفتن): refuse / decline
@PsyEngAcademy
آکادمی زبان روانشناسی
🔍 #تحلیل_متن_کنکور متن شماره ششم سال 87 کنکور ارشد روانشناسی Behaviorism reigned as the dominant model in psychology throughout the first half of the 20th century, largely due to the creation of conditioning theories as scientific models of human behavior…
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