NASA confirms this summer was the hottest summer since 1880 when modern recordkeeping began. This continues a long-term trend of rising temperatures caused by human activities. go.nasa.gov/3rfIjDk twitter.com/NASAClimate/stat…

NASA Climate

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To mark #OzoneDay (16 Sep), we celebrate what the #MontrealProtocol has accomplished.

Had we not ceased emitting HCFC’s, these ozone-depleting chemicals would have increased intensity of tropical storms & cyclones by 3x, and the world be 25% hotter today: ow.ly/ISZa50PKVMF

UNDP Climate

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Thu Sep 14 1630 UTC: A Hurricane Warning is in effect for the Atlantic High Seas. More info: hurricanes.gov/text/MIAHSFAT…

NHC_TAFB

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Hurricane Lee is slowly picking up speed as it moves north, intending to bring dangerous tropical conditions to New England and Southeast Canada

A Tropical Storm Warning is in effect for portions of Massachusetts, with hurricane watches for Maine, Nova Scotia, and New Brunswick.

CIRA

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RT @NASAGISS: The monthly GISTEMP surface temperature analysis update has been posted. The global mean temperature anomaly for August 2023 was 1.24°C above the 1951-1980 August average. go.nasa.gov/2PakncL

NASAEarthdata

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NASA Announces Summer 2023 Hottest on Record
Summer of 2023 was Earth’s hottest since global records began in 1880, according to scientists at NASA’s Goddard Institute of Space Studies (GISS) in New York.

The months of June, July, and August combined were 0.41 degrees Fahrenheit (0.23 degrees Celsius) warmer than any other summer in NASA’s record, and 2.1 degrees F (1.2 C) warmer than the average summer between 1951 and 1980. August alone was 2.2 F (1.2 C) warmer than the average. June through August is considered meteorological summer in the Northern Hemisphere.

This new record comes as exceptional heat swept across much of the world, exacerbating deadly wildfires in Canada and Hawaii, and searing heat waves in South America, Japan, Europe, and the U.S., while likely contributing to severe rainfall in Italy, Greece, and Central Europe.

<picturehttps://nasa.gov/sites/default/files/styles/side_image/public/thumbnails/image/globaljjaanoms_gis_2023_chart_lrg.jpg?itok=H8Ez6X-s This chart shows the meteorological summer (June, July, and August) temperature anomalies each year since 1880. The warmer-than-usual summer in 2023 continues a long-term trend of warming, driven primarily by human-caused greenhouse gas emissions. Credit: NASA's Earth Observatory/Lauren Dauphin

“Summer 2023’s record-setting temperatures aren’t just a set of numbers – they result in dire real-world consequences. From sweltering temperatures in Arizona and across the country, to wildfires across Canada, and extreme flooding in Europe and Asia, extreme weather is threatening lives and livelihoods around the world,” said NASA Administrator Bill Nelson. “The impacts of climate change are a threat to our planet and future generations, threats that NASA and the Biden-Harris Administration are tackling head on.”

NASA assembles its temperature record, known as GISTEMP, from surface air temperature data acquired by tens of thousands of meteorological stations, as well as sea surface temperature data from ship- and buoy-based instruments. This raw data is analyzed using methods that account for the varied spacing of temperature stations around the globe and for urban heating effects that could skew the calculations.

The analysis calculates temperature anomalies rather than absolute temperature. A temperature anomaly shows how far the temperature has departed from the 1951 to 1980 base average.

“Exceptionally high sea surface temperatures, fueled in part by the return of El Niño, were largely responsible for the summer’s record warmth,” said Josh Willis, climate scientist and oceanographer at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Southern California.
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El Niño is a natural climate phenomenon characterized by warmer than normal sea surface temperatures (and higher sea levels) in the central and eastern tropical Pacific Ocean.

The record-setting summer of 2023 continues a long-term trend of warming. Scientific observations and analyses made over decades by NASA, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), and other international institutions have shown this warming has been driven primarily by human-caused greenhouse gas emissions. At the same time, natural El Niño events in the Pacific pump extra warmth into the global atmosphere and often correlate with the warmest years on record.

“With background warming and marine heat waves that have been creeping up on us for decades, this El Niño shot us over the hump for setting all kinds of records,” Willis said. “The heat waves that we experience now are longer, they’re hotter, and they’re more punishing. The atmosphere can also hold more water now, and when it’s hot and humid, it’s[...]

even harder for the human body to regulate its temperature.”

Willis and other scientists expect to see the biggest impacts of El Niño in February, March, and April 2024. El Niño is associated with the weakening of easterly trade winds and the movement of warm water from the western Pacific toward the western coast of the Americas. The phenomenon can have widespread effects, often bringing cooler, wetter conditions to the U.S. Southwest and drought to countries in the western Pacific, such as Indonesia and Australia.

“Unfortunately, climate change is happening. Things that we said would come to pass are coming to pass,” said Gavin Schmidt, climate scientist and director of GISS. “And it will get worse if we continue to emit carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases into our atmosphere.”

NASA’s full temperature data set and the complete methodology used for the temperature calculation and its uncertainties are available online.

GISS is a NASA laboratory managed by the Earth Sciences Division of the agency’s Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland. The laboratory is affiliated with Columbia University’s Earth Institute and School of Engineering and Applied Science in New York.

For additional figures and maps related to this announcement, visit:

https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/14407

News Media Contacts

Karen Fox/Aries Keck
Headquarters, Washington
202-358-1100
karen.fox@nasa.gov/aries.keck@nasa.gov

Jacob Richmond
Goddard Space Flight Center
301-286-6255
jacob.a.richmond@nasa.gov



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The mining sector could potentially be a leader in achieving positive outcomes for #biodiversity as outlined at #COP15 🌿

UNEP-WCMC's Senior Programme Officer Sebastian Bekker explains how in this article ➡️ eu1.hubs.ly/H05g7bC0

UNEP-WCMC

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Woohoo! #GOESU, the newest and final satellite in @NOAA's GOES-R series, has completed the rigorous testing required to ensure it can withstand the harsh conditions of launch and space. 🚀

Learn more in this week's #EarthFromOrbit article and video: bit.ly/3RDZqtt

NOAA Satellites

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💦🌾Water in agriculture is central to feeding the planet & providing livelihoods.

Yet these objectives are threatened by growing demand for food, unsustainable resource use & increasing climate volatility. wrld.bg/kQgX50PGsQ1

Via @WorldBankWater

UN Biodiversity

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The September 2023 ENSO Outlook predicts El Niño will stick around through at least early 2024. But don't just take it from us, hear directly from the Pacific Ocean and tropical atmosphere, who join the blog to answer some questions: climate.gov/news-features/bl…

NOAA Climate.gov

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RT @UNBiodiversity: @UN Secretary-General @antonioguterres shared a message for the 20th anniversary of the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety.

"We must make peace with nature. And biosafety is a vital part of those efforts."

More⬇️ bch.cbd.int/protocol/20thann…

UN Biodiversity

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NASA-Built Greenhouse Gas Detector Moves Closer to Launch
In Brief:

The instrument will enable nonprofit organization Carbon Mapper to pinpoint and measure methane and carbon dioxide sources from space.
A state-of-the-art imaging spectrometer, which will measure the greenhouse gases methane and carbon dioxide from space, moved closer to launch this month after being delivered to a clean room at Planet Labs PBC (Planet) in San Francisco.

Designed and built by NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Southern California, this science instrument will be part of an effort led by the nonprofit Carbon Mapper organization to collect data on greenhouse gas point-source emissions. Built around technologies developed for NASA airborne campaigns and space missions, the Carbon Mapper imaging spectrometer will provide targeted data on “super-emitters” – the small percentage of individual sources responsible for a significant fraction of global methane and carbon dioxide emissions.
A technician slides the imaging spectrometer, which will measure methane and carbon dioxide from Earth orbit, into a thermal vacuum test chamber at JPL in July. Engineers use the chamber to subject the spectrometer to the extreme temperatures it will encounter in the vacuum of space. Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech
The Carbon Mapper coalition is a public-private effort led by the Carbon Mapper organization and its partners, including JPL, Planet, the California Air Resources Board, Rocky Mountain Institute, Arizona State University, and the University of Arizona.

<picturehttps://climate.nasa.gov/internal_resources/2712/Photo_of_engineers_doing_vibration_testing.jpeg Engineers prepare the imaging spectrometer – part of an effort led by the nonprofit Carbon Mapper to monitor greenhouse gas emissions – for vibration testing at JPL. Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech

The instrument is an advanced imaging spectrometer that measures hundreds of wavelengths of light reflected by Earth’s surface and absorbed by gases in the planet’s atmosphere. Different compounds – including methane and carbon dioxide – absorb different wavelengths of light, leaving a spectral “fingerprint” that the imaging spectrometer can identify. These infrared fingerprints, invisible to the human eye, can pinpoint and quantify strong greenhouse gas emissions and accelerate potential mitigation efforts.

The spectrometer arrived Sept. 12 at Planet, where it will be integrated over the next several months into a Tanager satellite designed by the company. Launch is planned for early 2024.

Before leaving JPL, the spectrometer was put through a series of critical tests to ensure that it could withstand the rigors of launch and the harsh conditions of space. Engineers subjected the spectrometer to intense vibrations similar to what it will endure atop a rocket blasting into orbit, as well as to the extreme temperatures it will experience in the vacuum of space.
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There was also an opportunity to use a sample of methane to test the completed instrument while it was in a vacuum chamber at JPL. The test was successful, with the imaging spectrometer producing a clear spectral fingerprint of methane.

“We are thrilled to see the exceptional quality of the methane spectral signature recorded. This bodes well for the space measurement soon to follow,” said Robert Green, the instrument scientist at JPL.

“This delivery is a very exciting step for us as our team can now begin the final stage in satellite integration,” said Jeff Guido, senior director of new missions at Planet. “This milestone is an excellent example of the innovative ways that government, philanthropy, and industry can play to each other’s strengths to build exce[...]

ptional capability that has the potential for global impact.”

<picturehttps://climate.nasa.gov/internal_resources/2713/Photo_of_an_engineer_prepping_the_instrument_for_testing.jpeg An engineer prepares the imaging spectrometer instrument for testing in a thermal vacuum chamber at JPL. The instrument will be part of an effort led by the nonprofit Carbon Mapper organization to collect data on greenhouse gas point-source emissions. Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech

The new satellite is part of a broader effort by Carbon Mapper to survey the globe for point-source emissions of methane and carbon dioxide. That effort includes using measurements provided by an instrument already in orbit: NASA’s Earth Surface Mineral Dust Source Investigation, or EMIT, an imaging spectrometer developed by JPL and installed on the International Space Station. A second imaging spectrometer is being built by Planet in collaboration with JPL. The teams will continue working side by side to deliver these new greenhouse gas measurement capabilities.

<picturehttps://climate.nasa.gov/internal_resources/2714/Graph_of_methane_absorption_in_various_wavelengths_of_light.png This spectral “fingerprint” of methane was produced from data taken during a test of the imaging spectrometer at JPL. Part of an effort led by the nonprofit Carbon Mapper, the state-of-the-art instrument measures hundreds of wavelengths of light reflected by Earth’s surface and absorbed by gases in the atmosphere. Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech

More About the Project

Carbon Mapper is a nonprofit organization focused on facilitating timely action to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions. Its mission is to fill gaps in the emerging global ecosystem of methane and carbon dioxide monitoring systems by delivering data at facility scale that is precise, timely, and accessible to empower science-based decision making and action. The organization is leading the development of the Carbon Mapper constellation of satellites supported by a public-private partnership composed of Planet Labs PBC, JPL, the California Air Resources Board, the University of Arizona, Arizona State University, and RMI, with funding from High Tide Foundation, Bloomberg Philanthropies, Grantham Foundation for the Protection of the Environment, and other philanthropic donors.

News Media Contact

Jane J. Lee / Andrew Wang
Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif.
818-354-0307 / 626-379-6874
jane.j.lee@jpl.nasa.gov / andrew.wang@jpl.nasa.gov

Kelly Vaughn
Carbon Mapper, Pasadena, Calif.
970-401-0001
kelly@carbonmapper.org



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Hurricane Margot continues to spin the in middle of the northern Atlantic Ocean.

CIRA

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Pacific islanders are not passive bystanders of climate change. They are the world's first responders.

Communities in 🇸🇧Solomon Islands can help ensure climate assistance is more effective and better suited to those most in need: wrld.bg/g83F50PIT34

World Bank Climate

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#OTD in 2018, 30-second images from @NOAASatellites #GOES16/#GOESeast showed Hurricane #Florence making landfall in North Carolina. More images and information available on the CIMSS Satellite Blog: cimss.ssec.wisc.edu/satellit… #NCwx

UW-Madison CIMSS

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Hurricane #Lee Advisory 37A: Lee'S Large Wind Field Moving Northward Over the Western Atlantic. Dangerous Surf and Rip Current Conditions Affecting Much of The East Coast of the United States. hurricanes.gov

National Hurricane Center

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