The report out from @UNESCO and @IUCN has some impressive figures! Including the fact that #WorldHeritage sites protect over 20,000 threatened species via the World Heritage Convention which creates the highest level of protection for sites. unesco.org/en/biodiversity-c…
Via @UNESCO
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The NOAA-20 satellite captured a near nadir view of Hurricane Lee during the September 13th afternoon overpass. On the forecast track, the center of Lee will pass west of Bermuda today and tonight and approach the coast of New England and Atlantic Canada Friday and Saturday.
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The globe’s vision for a healthier and more #sustainable planet needs to also promote #gender safety as a part of a comprehensive approach to driving gender-responsive environmental action.
The message from three RISE grants challenge representatives at the recent #GEFAssembly.
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The message from three RISE grants challenge representatives at the recent #GEFAssembly.
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“85% of the impacts of biological invasions on native species are negative." 🪱
—@anibalpauchard , Co-chair of @IPBES #InvasiveAlienSpecies Report⬇️ ipbes.net/IASmediarelease
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—@anibalpauchard , Co-chair of @IPBES #InvasiveAlienSpecies Report⬇️ ipbes.net/IASmediarelease
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RT @David_Ritter: Seismic blasting harms marine life in myriad ways:
- Whales and fish face hearing damage
- Rock lobsters lose their balance
- Higher death rates in scallops and plankton
Yet Woodside wants to blast in WA during peak whale migration season. theconversation.com/whales-s…
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- Whales and fish face hearing damage
- Rock lobsters lose their balance
- Higher death rates in scallops and plankton
Yet Woodside wants to blast in WA during peak whale migration season. theconversation.com/whales-s…
Greenpeace International
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RT @WWF: Devastating #wildfires raging around the world are wreaking havoc on people, wildlife, and #nature. We must act now to protect our planet and secure a safer future for all. @WWFLeadForests
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All #PlanetaryBoundaries mapped out, six of nine crossed: For the first time, a team of scientists is able to provide a full picture of planetary resilience. Pressure in all those boundary processes is increasing, newly published research shows: pik-potsdam.de/en/news/lates…
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RT @sthlmresilience: "This update on Planetary Boundaries clearly depicts a patient that is unwell, as pressure on the planet increases and vital boundaries are being breached," says @jrockstrom, one of the study's authors.
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Climate Change Science on Telegram by GRT: World Meteorological Organization / NASA / IPCC / ONU / OOH / UN United Nations etc.
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Climate change undermines nearly all sustainable development goals
Geneva 14 September 2023 _ At the half-time point of the 2030 Agenda, the science is clear – the planet is far off track from meeting its climate goals. This undermines global efforts to tackle hunger, poverty and ill-health, improve access to clean water and energy and many other aspects of sustainable development, according to a new multi-agency report coordinated by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO).
https://ane4bf-datap1.s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/wmocms/s3fs-public/ckeditor/files/Screenshot_2023-09-12_at_15.21.40_0.png?xESmOvsGlGVUJHCNHZmjk_od9Tol4CrF Only 15% of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) on track, says the United in Science report, which makes a systematic examination of the impact of climate change and extreme weather on the goals. It illustrates how weather, climate and water-related sciences can advance aims such as food and water security, clean energy, better health, sustainable oceans and resilient cities.
The annual report combines input and expertise from 18 organizations. It is issued ahead of the SDG Summit and Climate Ambition Summit at the United Nations General Assembly.
“2023 has shown all too clearly that climate change is here. Record temperatures are scorching the land and heating the sea, as extreme weather causes havoc around the globe. While we know this is just the beginning, the global response is falling far short. Meanwhile, halfway to the 2030 deadline for the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), the world is woefully off-track,” says UN Secretary-General António Guterres.
“Science is central to solutions. It is widely understood that weather, climate, and water-related sciences provide the underpinnings for climate action. But it is less recognized how these sciences can supercharge progress on the SDGs across the board,” Mr Guterres writes in the foreword.
“At this pivotal moment in history, the halfway mark to achieving the SDGs, the science community stands united in the effort to achieve prosperity for people and the planet,” says WMO Secretary-General Prof. Petteri Taalas.
“Groundbreaking scientific and technological advances, such as high-resolution climate modelling, artificial intelligence and nowcasting, can catalyze transformation to achieve the SDGs. And achieving Early Warnings for All by 2027 will not only save lives and livelihoods but also help safeguard sustainable development,” he comments.
The report shows, for example, how weather predictions help boost food production and move closer to zero hunger. Integrating epidemiology and climate information helps understand and anticipate those diseases sensitive to climate. And early-warning systems help to reduce poverty by giving people the chance to prepare and limit the impact.
The need for science and solutions is more urgent than ever.
Between 1970 and 2021, there were nearly 12 000 reported disasters from weather, climate and water extremes, causing over 2 million deaths and US$ 4.3 trillion in economic losses. Over 90% of these reported deaths and 60% of economic losses occurred in developing economies, undermining sustainable development.
Rising global temperatures have been accompanied by more extreme weather. The chance of the annual mean global near-surface temperature temporarily exceeding 1.5 °C above pre-industrial levels for at least one of the next five years is 66% and is increasing with time.
So far, there has been very limited progress in reducing the emissions gap for 2030 – the gap between the emissions reductions promised by countries and the emissions reductions needed to achieve the temperature goal of the Paris Agreement. Fossil fuel CO2 emissions increased 1% globally in 2022 compared to 2021 and preliminary estimates from January-June 2023 show a further 0.3% rise.
To get on track to meet the Paris Agreement goals of limiting[...]
Geneva 14 September 2023 _ At the half-time point of the 2030 Agenda, the science is clear – the planet is far off track from meeting its climate goals. This undermines global efforts to tackle hunger, poverty and ill-health, improve access to clean water and energy and many other aspects of sustainable development, according to a new multi-agency report coordinated by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO).
https://ane4bf-datap1.s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/wmocms/s3fs-public/ckeditor/files/Screenshot_2023-09-12_at_15.21.40_0.png?xESmOvsGlGVUJHCNHZmjk_od9Tol4CrF Only 15% of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) on track, says the United in Science report, which makes a systematic examination of the impact of climate change and extreme weather on the goals. It illustrates how weather, climate and water-related sciences can advance aims such as food and water security, clean energy, better health, sustainable oceans and resilient cities.
The annual report combines input and expertise from 18 organizations. It is issued ahead of the SDG Summit and Climate Ambition Summit at the United Nations General Assembly.
“2023 has shown all too clearly that climate change is here. Record temperatures are scorching the land and heating the sea, as extreme weather causes havoc around the globe. While we know this is just the beginning, the global response is falling far short. Meanwhile, halfway to the 2030 deadline for the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), the world is woefully off-track,” says UN Secretary-General António Guterres.
“Science is central to solutions. It is widely understood that weather, climate, and water-related sciences provide the underpinnings for climate action. But it is less recognized how these sciences can supercharge progress on the SDGs across the board,” Mr Guterres writes in the foreword.
“At this pivotal moment in history, the halfway mark to achieving the SDGs, the science community stands united in the effort to achieve prosperity for people and the planet,” says WMO Secretary-General Prof. Petteri Taalas.
“Groundbreaking scientific and technological advances, such as high-resolution climate modelling, artificial intelligence and nowcasting, can catalyze transformation to achieve the SDGs. And achieving Early Warnings for All by 2027 will not only save lives and livelihoods but also help safeguard sustainable development,” he comments.
The report shows, for example, how weather predictions help boost food production and move closer to zero hunger. Integrating epidemiology and climate information helps understand and anticipate those diseases sensitive to climate. And early-warning systems help to reduce poverty by giving people the chance to prepare and limit the impact.
The need for science and solutions is more urgent than ever.
Between 1970 and 2021, there were nearly 12 000 reported disasters from weather, climate and water extremes, causing over 2 million deaths and US$ 4.3 trillion in economic losses. Over 90% of these reported deaths and 60% of economic losses occurred in developing economies, undermining sustainable development.
Rising global temperatures have been accompanied by more extreme weather. The chance of the annual mean global near-surface temperature temporarily exceeding 1.5 °C above pre-industrial levels for at least one of the next five years is 66% and is increasing with time.
So far, there has been very limited progress in reducing the emissions gap for 2030 – the gap between the emissions reductions promised by countries and the emissions reductions needed to achieve the temperature goal of the Paris Agreement. Fossil fuel CO2 emissions increased 1% globally in 2022 compared to 2021 and preliminary estimates from January-June 2023 show a further 0.3% rise.
To get on track to meet the Paris Agreement goals of limiting[...]
Climate Change Science on Telegram by GRT: World Meteorological Organization / NASA / IPCC / ONU / OOH / UN United Nations etc.
Climate change undermines nearly all sustainable development goals Geneva 14 September 2023 _ At the half-time point of the 2030 Agenda, the science is clear – the planet is far off track from meeting its climate goals. This undermines global efforts to tackle…
warming to well below 2 °C and preferably 1.5 °C, global greenhouse gas emissions must be reduced by 30% and 45%, respectively, by 2030, with carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions getting close to net zero by 2050. This will require large-scale, rapid and systemic transformations.
Some future changes in climate are unavoidable, and potentially irreversible, but every fraction of a degree and ton of CO2 matters to limit global warming and achieve the SDGs, says the report.
"The science continues to show that we are not doing enough to lower emissions and meet the goals of the Paris Agreement - as the world prepares for the first global stocktake at COP28, we must increase our ambition and action, and we must all do the real work to transform our economies through a just transition to a sustainable future for people and planet," said Inger Andersen, Executive Director of the UN Environment Programme.
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Key Messages
State of the Science (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, UN Environment Programme, WMO, Global Carbon Project, UK Met Office, World Climate Research Programme)
* Total carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from fossil fuels increased 1% globally in 2022 compared to 2021. This was primarily driven by growth in oil use as the aviation sector rebounded. Preliminary estimates shows that global fossil CO2 emissions in January to June 2023 were 0.3% above the same period in 2022.
* There is a 98 % chance that one of the next five years will be the warmest on record. The IPCC projects that the long-term warming (averaged over 20 years) may reach the Paris Agreement level of 1.5 °C in the early 2030s.
* Current mitigation policies will lead to estimated global warming of around 2.8 °C over this century compared to pre-industrial levels. Immediate and unprecedented reductions in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions are needed.
SDG 2 Zero Hunger (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations)
* It is estimated that nearly 670 million people may face hunger in 2030, in part due to more extreme weather events that disrupt each pillar of food security (access, availability, utilization and stability).
* Global investments are needed in weather-, climate- and water-related sciences and services along agrifood value chains as they enable farmers to make decisions – for instance on crops and planting - that enhance food and nutrition security.
* Early warnings are crucial to enabling anticipatory action to protect agricultural livelihoods and identify potential areas of crop failure that may lead to emergencies.
SDG 3 Good Health and Well-being (WMO and World Health Organization)
* Climate change and extreme events like heatwaves are projected to significantly increase ill health and premature deaths, according to the IPCC. Rapid urbanization puts more people at risk. For example, air pollution is a major urban threat to health and is associated with nearly seven million premature deaths annually.
* Transdisciplinary research is fundamental to analysing, monitoring and addressing climate-sensitive health risks and impacts on the health sector. The integration of health and epidemiological data with climate and weather information can inform policy on climate- sensitive communicable diseases (such as malaria and dengue) and non-communicable diseases.
* Scaling up investments in climate-resilient and low-carbon health systems, and progress towards universal health coverage are critical for the achievement of SDG 3
SDG 6 – Clean Water and Sanitation (WMO and UN Water)
* Climate change is exacerbating water-related hazards like floods and droughts. Changes in precipitation patterns, evaporation rates and water storage pose significant challenges for managing water resources sustainably.
* More than 60% of countries have inadequate and declining hydrological monitoring capabilities. However, scientific and technological[...]
Some future changes in climate are unavoidable, and potentially irreversible, but every fraction of a degree and ton of CO2 matters to limit global warming and achieve the SDGs, says the report.
"The science continues to show that we are not doing enough to lower emissions and meet the goals of the Paris Agreement - as the world prepares for the first global stocktake at COP28, we must increase our ambition and action, and we must all do the real work to transform our economies through a just transition to a sustainable future for people and planet," said Inger Andersen, Executive Director of the UN Environment Programme.
https://ane4bf-datap1.s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/wmocms/s3fs-public/ckeditor/files/wheels.png?M5..9zHEnykHa1ukJSZpoTgmyc.ZUijl
Key Messages
State of the Science (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, UN Environment Programme, WMO, Global Carbon Project, UK Met Office, World Climate Research Programme)
* Total carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from fossil fuels increased 1% globally in 2022 compared to 2021. This was primarily driven by growth in oil use as the aviation sector rebounded. Preliminary estimates shows that global fossil CO2 emissions in January to June 2023 were 0.3% above the same period in 2022.
* There is a 98 % chance that one of the next five years will be the warmest on record. The IPCC projects that the long-term warming (averaged over 20 years) may reach the Paris Agreement level of 1.5 °C in the early 2030s.
* Current mitigation policies will lead to estimated global warming of around 2.8 °C over this century compared to pre-industrial levels. Immediate and unprecedented reductions in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions are needed.
SDG 2 Zero Hunger (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations)
* It is estimated that nearly 670 million people may face hunger in 2030, in part due to more extreme weather events that disrupt each pillar of food security (access, availability, utilization and stability).
* Global investments are needed in weather-, climate- and water-related sciences and services along agrifood value chains as they enable farmers to make decisions – for instance on crops and planting - that enhance food and nutrition security.
* Early warnings are crucial to enabling anticipatory action to protect agricultural livelihoods and identify potential areas of crop failure that may lead to emergencies.
SDG 3 Good Health and Well-being (WMO and World Health Organization)
* Climate change and extreme events like heatwaves are projected to significantly increase ill health and premature deaths, according to the IPCC. Rapid urbanization puts more people at risk. For example, air pollution is a major urban threat to health and is associated with nearly seven million premature deaths annually.
* Transdisciplinary research is fundamental to analysing, monitoring and addressing climate-sensitive health risks and impacts on the health sector. The integration of health and epidemiological data with climate and weather information can inform policy on climate- sensitive communicable diseases (such as malaria and dengue) and non-communicable diseases.
* Scaling up investments in climate-resilient and low-carbon health systems, and progress towards universal health coverage are critical for the achievement of SDG 3
SDG 6 – Clean Water and Sanitation (WMO and UN Water)
* Climate change is exacerbating water-related hazards like floods and droughts. Changes in precipitation patterns, evaporation rates and water storage pose significant challenges for managing water resources sustainably.
* More than 60% of countries have inadequate and declining hydrological monitoring capabilities. However, scientific and technological[...]
Climate Change Science on Telegram by GRT: World Meteorological Organization / NASA / IPCC / ONU / OOH / UN United Nations etc.
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气候变化损害了几乎所有的可持续发展目标
2023年9月14日，日内瓦_ 在2030年议程的中点，科学传达的讯息是明确的 – 地球远远偏离了实现其气候目标的轨道。根据世界气象组织（WMO）协调新编的一份多机构报告，这破坏了全球为解决饥饿、贫困和不健康问题、改善清洁水和能源的获取以及可持续发展的许多其他方面所做的努力。
https://ane4bf-datap1.s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/wmocms/s3fs-public/ckeditor/files/Screenshot_2023-09-12_at_15.21.40_0.png?xESmOvsGlGVUJHCNHZmjk_od9Tol4CrF
《团结在科学之中》报告系统地研究了气候变化和极端天气对可持续发展目标的影响，报告指出可持续发展目标（SDG）中只有15%的工作步入了正轨。报告说明了与天气、气候和水有关的科学如何能够推动粮食和水安全、清洁能源、更好的健康、可持续海洋和具复原力的城市等目标的实现。
该年度报告综合了18个组织的意见和专业知识。该报告在联合国大会可持续发展目标峰会和气候雄心峰会之前发布。
“2023年已经清楚地表明，气候变化已经到来。创纪录的高温炙烤着大地，加热着海洋，极端天气在全球各地造成严重破坏。虽然我们知道这仅仅是个开始，但全球的应对措施却远远不够。与此同时，距离2030年可持续发展目标（SDG）的最后期限已经过半，世界却严重偏离了轨道，”联合国秘书长安东尼奥·古特雷斯说。
“科学是解决方案的核心。众所周知，天气、气候和水相关科学是气候行动的基础。但这些科学如何推动可持续发展目标的全面进展却鲜为人知，”古特雷斯先生在前言中这样写道。
WMO秘书长佩特里·塔拉斯教授说：“在实现可持续发展目标进展到一半的关键历史时刻，科学界要团结一致，努力实现人类和地球的繁荣。”
“突破性的科技进步，如高分辨率气候模拟、人工智能和临近预报，可以促进实现向可持续发展目标的转型。到2027年实现全民早期预警不仅能拯救生命和生计，还有助于保障可持续发展，”他评论道。
报告展示了天气预报如何帮助提高粮食产量，并向零饥饿迈进。将流行病学与气候信息相结合，有助于了解和预测那些对气候敏感的疾病。而早期预警系统则有助于减少贫困，让人们有机会做好准备并限制影响。
对科学和解决方案的需求比以往任何时候都更加迫切。
1970年至2021年期间，共报告了近12000起极端天气、气候和水灾害，造成200多万人死亡和4.3万亿美元的经济损失。在这些报告的死亡人数和经济损失中，90%以上发生在发展中经济体，60%发生在发展中国家，破坏了可持续发展。
全球温度上升的同时，极端天气也越来越多。在未来五年中，至少有一年全球近地表年平均温度暂时超过工业化前水平1.5℃的几率为66%，而且随着时间的推移还在增加。
迄今为止，在缩小2030年排放差距方面取得的进展非常有限，即各国承诺的减排量与实现《巴黎协定》温度目标所需的减排量之间存在差距。与2021年相比，2022年全球化石燃料二氧化碳排放量增加了1%，而2023年1月至6月的初步估计显示又增加了0.3%。
为了如期实现《巴黎协定》将升温控制在远低于2°C、最好低于1.5°C的目标，到2030年，全球温室气体排放量必须分别减少30%和45%，到2050年，二氧化碳（CO2）排放量要接近净零。这将需要大规模、快速和系统性的变革。
报告称，未来气候的一些变化是不可避免的，而且可能是不可逆转的，但每一度温度和每一吨二氧化碳对限制全球变暖和实现可持续发展目标都很重要。
科学继续表明，我们在降低排放和实现《巴黎协定》目标方面做得还不够 - 在全球为COP28的首次全球评估做准备之际，我们必须提高雄心和行动，我们都必须开展真正的工作，转变我们的经济，向有利于人类和地球的可持续未来公正过渡，”联合国环境规划署执行主任英格-安德森（Inger Andersen）说。
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关键讯息
科学现状（政府间气候变化专门委员会、联合国环境规划署、世界气象组织、全球碳项目、英国气象局、世界气候研究计划）
* 与2021年相比，2022年全球化石燃料产生的二氧化碳（CO2）排放总量增加了1%。这主要是由于航空业的反弹带动了石油用量的增长。初步估计显示，2023年1月至6月的全球化石燃料二氧化碳排放量比2022年同期增加了0.3%。
* 未来五年中有一年会成为有记录以来最热年份的可能性达98%。据IPCC预测，长期变暖（20年的平均值）可能会在21世纪30年代初达到《巴黎协定》规定的1.5°C。
* 与工业化前水平相比，目前的减缓政策估计将导致本世纪全球变暖约2.8°C。必须立即减少温室气体（GHG）排放，而且要达到前所未有的速度。
可持续发展目标2 – 零饥饿（联合国粮食及农业组织）
* 据估计，2030年可能有近6.7亿人面临饥饿，部分原因是极端天气事件增多扰乱了粮食安全的各个支柱（获取、供应、利用和稳定）。
* 需要对农业粮食价值链上与天气、气候和水有关的科学和服务进行全球投资，因为这些科学和服务能够帮助农民做出决策，例如关于作物和种植的决策，从而加强粮食和营养安全。
* 早期预警对于采取预见性行动保护农业生计和确定可能发生作物歉收进而导致出现紧急情况的地区至关重要。
可持续发展目标3 – 健康与福祉（WMO和世界卫生组织）
* 根据IPCC的预测，气候变化和热浪等极端事件将大大增加健康不佳和过早死亡的人数。快速的城市化使更多人面临风险。例如，空气污染是城市健康的主要威胁，每年造成近700万人过早死亡。
* 跨学科研究对于分析、监测和处理对气候敏感的健康风险和对卫生部门的影响至关重要。将卫生健康和流行病学数据与气候和天气信息相结合，可以为有关气候敏感型传染病（如疟疾和登革热）和非传染性疾病的政策提供信息。
* 扩大对具气候复原力和低碳的卫生系统的投资，以及在实现全民医保方面取得进展，对于实现可持续发展目标3至关重要
可持续发展目标6 – 清洁水和卫生设施（WMO和联合国水机制）
* 气候变化正在加剧洪水和干旱等与水有关的灾害。降水模式、蒸发率和蓄水量的变化给水资源的可持续管理带来了巨大挑战。
* 超过60%国家的水文监测能力不足或正在下降。 然而，无人机、人工智能（AI）和空间技术等科技进步为数据驱动的综合水资源管理实践和政策提供了机遇。
* 加强科学合作、资金投入以及数据和信息交换将是做出知情决策、加快落实可持续发展目标6的关键。
可持续发展目标7 – 负担得起的清洁能源（人人享有可持续能源）
* 极端天气事件和气候变化威胁着可持续发展目标7的实现，因为它们改变了能源供应能力和需求，使清洁能源转型变得更加不可预测，而且成本可能更高。
* 更及时、更准确的天气、气候和水相关数据、科学和服务将改善能源规划和运行。大数据和人工智能为加强能源系统的运行提供了潜力。
* 在数据质量参差不齐和/或较低以及数据和服务的可获得性和可负担性有限方面仍然存在挑战。
可持续发展目标11 – 可持续城市和社区（WMO和联合国人居署）
* 城市约占全球温室气体排放量的70%，这里是全球一半以上人口的家园。城市容易受到海平面上升和风暴潮、热浪、极端降水和洪水、干旱和缺水以及空气污染的影响。
* 以现有的最佳科学为基础，城市天气、气候、水和环境综合服务正在帮助城市实现可持续发展目标11。
* 高分辨率观测、预报模式和多灾种早期预警系统是城市综合服务的根本基础。
可持续发展目标13 – 气候行动（WMO、绿色气候基金、联合国气候变化框架公约）
* 气候变化导致大气层、海洋、冰冻圈和生物圈发生广泛而迅速的变化，有可能逆转在实现所有可持续发展目标方面取得的进展。
* 与天气、气候和水有关的科学是雄心勃勃的气候行动和调动气候资金的基础，特别是在低收入国家。正在推出一项新的全球温室气体监视倡议，以支持减缓气候变化。
* 利益相关方通过公民科学等方式参与至关重要。
可持续发展目标14 – 水下生命（联合国教科文组织政府间海洋学委员会）
* 与气候和人类有关的影响正在威胁着我们的海洋，影响着海洋生态系统以及依赖海洋生态系统获得食物和生活保障的社区。
* 与气候相关的海洋科学（如海洋酸化观测）有助于我们更好地了解气候对海洋的影响，并有助于制定可持续管理和保护海洋生态系统的战略。
* 联合国海洋十年为动员科学界和加速与海洋有关的科学发展提供了前所未有的机遇。
可持续发展目标17 – 促进目标实现的伙伴关系（WMO）
* 半数国家报告称没有建立多灾种早期预警系统（MHEWS），即使有，其覆盖范围也存在很大差距。
* 与天气、气候和水有关的科学加强了对灾害的实际认识，增进了对相关风险和影响的了解，并促进对灾害的探测、监测和预报，从而为有效的多学科水、环境、生命和政策服务奠定基础。
* 在包括天气、气候和水科学界在内的不同利益相关方之间建立伙伴关系对于开展全民早期预警和[...]
2023年9月14日，日内瓦_ 在2030年议程的中点，科学传达的讯息是明确的 – 地球远远偏离了实现其气候目标的轨道。根据世界气象组织（WMO）协调新编的一份多机构报告，这破坏了全球为解决饥饿、贫困和不健康问题、改善清洁水和能源的获取以及可持续发展的许多其他方面所做的努力。
https://ane4bf-datap1.s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/wmocms/s3fs-public/ckeditor/files/Screenshot_2023-09-12_at_15.21.40_0.png?xESmOvsGlGVUJHCNHZmjk_od9Tol4CrF
《团结在科学之中》报告系统地研究了气候变化和极端天气对可持续发展目标的影响，报告指出可持续发展目标（SDG）中只有15%的工作步入了正轨。报告说明了与天气、气候和水有关的科学如何能够推动粮食和水安全、清洁能源、更好的健康、可持续海洋和具复原力的城市等目标的实现。
该年度报告综合了18个组织的意见和专业知识。该报告在联合国大会可持续发展目标峰会和气候雄心峰会之前发布。
“2023年已经清楚地表明，气候变化已经到来。创纪录的高温炙烤着大地，加热着海洋，极端天气在全球各地造成严重破坏。虽然我们知道这仅仅是个开始，但全球的应对措施却远远不够。与此同时，距离2030年可持续发展目标（SDG）的最后期限已经过半，世界却严重偏离了轨道，”联合国秘书长安东尼奥·古特雷斯说。
“科学是解决方案的核心。众所周知，天气、气候和水相关科学是气候行动的基础。但这些科学如何推动可持续发展目标的全面进展却鲜为人知，”古特雷斯先生在前言中这样写道。
WMO秘书长佩特里·塔拉斯教授说：“在实现可持续发展目标进展到一半的关键历史时刻，科学界要团结一致，努力实现人类和地球的繁荣。”
“突破性的科技进步，如高分辨率气候模拟、人工智能和临近预报，可以促进实现向可持续发展目标的转型。到2027年实现全民早期预警不仅能拯救生命和生计，还有助于保障可持续发展，”他评论道。
报告展示了天气预报如何帮助提高粮食产量，并向零饥饿迈进。将流行病学与气候信息相结合，有助于了解和预测那些对气候敏感的疾病。而早期预警系统则有助于减少贫困，让人们有机会做好准备并限制影响。
对科学和解决方案的需求比以往任何时候都更加迫切。
1970年至2021年期间，共报告了近12000起极端天气、气候和水灾害，造成200多万人死亡和4.3万亿美元的经济损失。在这些报告的死亡人数和经济损失中，90%以上发生在发展中经济体，60%发生在发展中国家，破坏了可持续发展。
全球温度上升的同时，极端天气也越来越多。在未来五年中，至少有一年全球近地表年平均温度暂时超过工业化前水平1.5℃的几率为66%，而且随着时间的推移还在增加。
迄今为止，在缩小2030年排放差距方面取得的进展非常有限，即各国承诺的减排量与实现《巴黎协定》温度目标所需的减排量之间存在差距。与2021年相比，2022年全球化石燃料二氧化碳排放量增加了1%，而2023年1月至6月的初步估计显示又增加了0.3%。
为了如期实现《巴黎协定》将升温控制在远低于2°C、最好低于1.5°C的目标，到2030年，全球温室气体排放量必须分别减少30%和45%，到2050年，二氧化碳（CO2）排放量要接近净零。这将需要大规模、快速和系统性的变革。
报告称，未来气候的一些变化是不可避免的，而且可能是不可逆转的，但每一度温度和每一吨二氧化碳对限制全球变暖和实现可持续发展目标都很重要。
科学继续表明，我们在降低排放和实现《巴黎协定》目标方面做得还不够 - 在全球为COP28的首次全球评估做准备之际，我们必须提高雄心和行动，我们都必须开展真正的工作，转变我们的经济，向有利于人类和地球的可持续未来公正过渡，”联合国环境规划署执行主任英格-安德森（Inger Andersen）说。
https://ane4bf-datap1.s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/wmocms/s3fs-public/ckeditor/files/wheels.png?M5..9zHEnykHa1ukJSZpoTgmyc.ZUijl
关键讯息
科学现状（政府间气候变化专门委员会、联合国环境规划署、世界气象组织、全球碳项目、英国气象局、世界气候研究计划）
* 与2021年相比，2022年全球化石燃料产生的二氧化碳（CO2）排放总量增加了1%。这主要是由于航空业的反弹带动了石油用量的增长。初步估计显示，2023年1月至6月的全球化石燃料二氧化碳排放量比2022年同期增加了0.3%。
* 未来五年中有一年会成为有记录以来最热年份的可能性达98%。据IPCC预测，长期变暖（20年的平均值）可能会在21世纪30年代初达到《巴黎协定》规定的1.5°C。
* 与工业化前水平相比，目前的减缓政策估计将导致本世纪全球变暖约2.8°C。必须立即减少温室气体（GHG）排放，而且要达到前所未有的速度。
可持续发展目标2 – 零饥饿（联合国粮食及农业组织）
* 据估计，2030年可能有近6.7亿人面临饥饿，部分原因是极端天气事件增多扰乱了粮食安全的各个支柱（获取、供应、利用和稳定）。
* 需要对农业粮食价值链上与天气、气候和水有关的科学和服务进行全球投资，因为这些科学和服务能够帮助农民做出决策，例如关于作物和种植的决策，从而加强粮食和营养安全。
* 早期预警对于采取预见性行动保护农业生计和确定可能发生作物歉收进而导致出现紧急情况的地区至关重要。
可持续发展目标3 – 健康与福祉（WMO和世界卫生组织）
* 根据IPCC的预测，气候变化和热浪等极端事件将大大增加健康不佳和过早死亡的人数。快速的城市化使更多人面临风险。例如，空气污染是城市健康的主要威胁，每年造成近700万人过早死亡。
* 跨学科研究对于分析、监测和处理对气候敏感的健康风险和对卫生部门的影响至关重要。将卫生健康和流行病学数据与气候和天气信息相结合，可以为有关气候敏感型传染病（如疟疾和登革热）和非传染性疾病的政策提供信息。
* 扩大对具气候复原力和低碳的卫生系统的投资，以及在实现全民医保方面取得进展，对于实现可持续发展目标3至关重要
可持续发展目标6 – 清洁水和卫生设施（WMO和联合国水机制）
* 气候变化正在加剧洪水和干旱等与水有关的灾害。降水模式、蒸发率和蓄水量的变化给水资源的可持续管理带来了巨大挑战。
* 超过60%国家的水文监测能力不足或正在下降。 然而，无人机、人工智能（AI）和空间技术等科技进步为数据驱动的综合水资源管理实践和政策提供了机遇。
* 加强科学合作、资金投入以及数据和信息交换将是做出知情决策、加快落实可持续发展目标6的关键。
可持续发展目标7 – 负担得起的清洁能源（人人享有可持续能源）
* 极端天气事件和气候变化威胁着可持续发展目标7的实现，因为它们改变了能源供应能力和需求，使清洁能源转型变得更加不可预测，而且成本可能更高。
* 更及时、更准确的天气、气候和水相关数据、科学和服务将改善能源规划和运行。大数据和人工智能为加强能源系统的运行提供了潜力。
* 在数据质量参差不齐和/或较低以及数据和服务的可获得性和可负担性有限方面仍然存在挑战。
可持续发展目标11 – 可持续城市和社区（WMO和联合国人居署）
* 城市约占全球温室气体排放量的70%，这里是全球一半以上人口的家园。城市容易受到海平面上升和风暴潮、热浪、极端降水和洪水、干旱和缺水以及空气污染的影响。
* 以现有的最佳科学为基础，城市天气、气候、水和环境综合服务正在帮助城市实现可持续发展目标11。
* 高分辨率观测、预报模式和多灾种早期预警系统是城市综合服务的根本基础。
可持续发展目标13 – 气候行动（WMO、绿色气候基金、联合国气候变化框架公约）
* 气候变化导致大气层、海洋、冰冻圈和生物圈发生广泛而迅速的变化，有可能逆转在实现所有可持续发展目标方面取得的进展。
* 与天气、气候和水有关的科学是雄心勃勃的气候行动和调动气候资金的基础，特别是在低收入国家。正在推出一项新的全球温室气体监视倡议，以支持减缓气候变化。
* 利益相关方通过公民科学等方式参与至关重要。
可持续发展目标14 – 水下生命（联合国教科文组织政府间海洋学委员会）
* 与气候和人类有关的影响正在威胁着我们的海洋，影响着海洋生态系统以及依赖海洋生态系统获得食物和生活保障的社区。
* 与气候相关的海洋科学（如海洋酸化观测）有助于我们更好地了解气候对海洋的影响，并有助于制定可持续管理和保护海洋生态系统的战略。
* 联合国海洋十年为动员科学界和加速与海洋有关的科学发展提供了前所未有的机遇。
可持续发展目标17 – 促进目标实现的伙伴关系（WMO）
* 半数国家报告称没有建立多灾种早期预警系统（MHEWS），即使有，其覆盖范围也存在很大差距。
* 与天气、气候和水有关的科学加强了对灾害的实际认识，增进了对相关风险和影响的了解，并促进对灾害的探测、监测和预报，从而为有效的多学科水、环境、生命和政策服务奠定基础。
* 在包括天气、气候和水科学界在内的不同利益相关方之间建立伙伴关系对于开展全民早期预警和[...]
Climate Change Science on Telegram by GRT: World Meteorological Organization / NASA / IPCC / ONU / OOH / UN United Nations etc.
气候变化损害了几乎所有的可持续发展目标 2023年9月14日，日内瓦_ 在2030年议程的中点，科学传达的讯息是明确的 – 地球远远偏离了实现其气候目标的轨道。根据世界气象组织（WMO）协调新编的一份多机构报告，这破坏了全球为解决饥饿、贫困和不健康问题、改善清洁水和能源的获取以及可持续发展的许多其他方面所做的努力。 https://ane4bf-datap1.s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/wmocms/s3fs-public/ckeditor/files/Screenshot_2023…
实现可持续发展目标至关重要。
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世界气象组织是联合国系统关于天气、气候和水的权威机构
欲了解更多信息，请联系：
Clare Nullis，WMO媒体官员，cnullis@wmo.int或media@wmo.int。电话： 41-79-709 13 97
Language
Chinese, Simplified
Featured Media
United in Science report 2023
Type of news
Press Release
Publish Date
Thursday, September 14, 2023 - 09:30
Press Release Number
14092023
Headline
气候科学和服务是解决方案的核心
Editorial Section
CPA
Contact
MDebray
Climate Change Science on Telegram by @ClimateChangeScience
A @grttme project - Other backups: @Hallotme
https://ane4bf-datap1.s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/wmocms/s3fs-public/ckeditor/files/logos.jpg?cPs5HqmpVjHzVOBMab0qUAzMfgqwoC5x
世界气象组织是联合国系统关于天气、气候和水的权威机构
欲了解更多信息，请联系：
Clare Nullis，WMO媒体官员，cnullis@wmo.int或media@wmo.int。电话： 41-79-709 13 97
Language
Chinese, Simplified
Featured Media
United in Science report 2023
Type of news
Press Release
Publish Date
Thursday, September 14, 2023 - 09:30
Press Release Number
14092023
Headline
气候科学和服务是解决方案的核心
Editorial Section
CPA
Contact
MDebray
Climate Change Science on Telegram by @ClimateChangeScience
A @grttme project - Other backups: @Hallotme